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Global Regional Review

Contents Volume V Issue I (Winter 2020)

Socio-Economic and Cultural Determinants of Maternal and Neonatal Mortality in Pakistan
Abstract:	The current study analyzed socio-economic and cultural determinants of maternal and neonatal mortality in Pakistan. This research was conducted at PIMS, Islamabad, Pakistan. In the first phase of research, we used a survey method to collect data from 56 respondents (36 female doctors and 20 female nurses) and their perceptions were enumerated about the socioeconomic and cultural determinants of maternal mortality. In the second phase of the research, 200 mothers (who had a baby under 1-year) currently admitted at PIMS were sampled for in-depth interviews and they were asked about the multiple determinants of neonatal mortality. In both phases, we employed a purposive sampling technique with a special inclusion criterion. The study highlighted multiple reasons influencing mortality of ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sarfraz Khan Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Syed Imran Haider Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Rahim Bakhsh PhD Scholar,Department of Anthropology,Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Determinants, Islamabad, Maternal and Neonatal Mortality, Pakistan, PIMS.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).01	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).01
Page Nos:	1-7	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Bonding, Academic Culture and Aggressive Behavior among University Students in Pakistan
Abstract:	Aggression at universities has become a serious problem not only for developed but also for underdeveloped states across the globe. Growing violence at the campus is becoming a routine. Frequent incidences of violent conflicts and even killing in some cases at the campus has drawn the attention of scholars and made it an important area of research and investigation. This study was set out to understand students violent behavior and factors contributing to their violent behavior at the campus. A sample of 375 students was selected from different faculties of two universities from Islamabad city. The data came through a well-structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was performed to see the effect of bonding and academic culture on aggressive behavior students at the unive ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Wisal Ahmed MS scholar, Department of Sociology,International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Akhlaq Ahmad Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology,International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Mazhar Iqbal Bhatti Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Bonding, Academic culture, Aggressive behaviour, University Students
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).02	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).02
Page Nos:	8-14	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Communication Strategies for Polio Eradication in Pakistan: The Case Study of Polio Vaccination Campaign in South Punjab
Abstract:	This study has a plan to measure the level of knowledge and perceptions regarding polio vaccination in south Punjab, Pakistan. To examine the dominant source of awareness concerning utilized communication channels in the Polio vaccination campaign a total of 200 respondents (100 couples) were selected as the studys sample by applying the systematic random sampling technique. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents shared the poor knowledge about Polio. As it was found that, females were more conscious and responsible towards their children as compared to their counterparts. It was also found that males were the decision making authority regarding the polio vaccination of their children. The females seemed more convinced as compared to male respondents ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Malik Adnan Assistant Professor,Department of Media Studies,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Sher Muhammad Malik Assistant Professor, Department of Geography,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Basharat Hameed Community Awareness Officer, Punjab Emergency Service,Toba Tek Singh, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Polio Vaccination; Development Communication, Demography, knowledge; Health Behavior; Media, Communication
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).03	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).03
Page Nos:	15-22	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Primary School In-Service Teachers Perceptions about Reflective Teaching Practice
Abstract:	The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the reflective practice as a process of continuing professional Development (CPD) implemented in different parts of the government primary schools of Pakistan recently. Case study design was adopted for a single school as it aims to understand the perceptions of primary school teachers about reflective teaching practice with the help of enriched data using semi structured interview. For data analysis content analysis method was applied and analysis was presented thematically for clarity and vividness. It was revealed that most teachers perceived reflective teaching as a helpful tool in improving professional capacity, valuable to share reflective practice with colleagues, constructive in receiving guidance in professional devel ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sumera Imran PhD Scholar,Department of Education,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2-Amir Zaman Assistant Professor,Department of Education,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Abdul Ghafar Assistant Professor, Department of Education,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Teacher Education, Reflective Practice, Self-Assessment
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).04	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).04
Page Nos:	23 ‒ 30	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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The Hallmark of Civilization: A Psychoanalytic Study of Ralph in Lord of the Flies
Abstract:	The present study is aimed at exploring the psychoanalytical interpretation of Ralphs attempts to return to civilization in the light of theories propounded by Ghazali and Freud. It explicitly describes the profound impact of aql and ego on Ralph as he represents order, civilization, and rational thought in William Goldings novel Lord of the Flies. This work focusing on the application of Ghazalian al and Freudian ego provides an exciting opportunity to advance our knowledge regarding psychoanalysis of literary characters and contributes to this growing area of research by probing into the depth of human psyche. ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shumaila Mazhar Assistant Professor, Department of English,Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2-Mahwish Malghani Assistant Professor, Department of English,Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 3-Fouzia Rehman Khan Assistant Professor, Department of English,Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Psyche, conscious, aq’l, ego.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).05	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).05
Page Nos:	31-39	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Impact of Leadership Style on Employees Commitment: Moderating Role of Organization Politics: A Case Study of Public Sector Universities of KPK
Abstract:	The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between employees commitment and leadership styles along with the moderating role of organizational politics in public sector universities of KPK. The researcher adopted a deductive approach with cross-sectional research design and used a quantitative methodology. Stratified random sampling has been used with an objective to ensure effective representation of the selected population. Responses from the participants were collected through a pre-structured questionnaire, which was then analyzed through the SPSS data analysis tool by using different statistical methods including descriptive statistics analysis, regression analysis, and inter-variables correlation analysis. Findings of the study show that organizational politics po ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Nasir Ali Lecturer, Department of Management Science,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2-Marjan Ali Superintendent,Department of Administration, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Sheraz Senior Administration Officer,Department of Administration,Zia Teaching Hospital Charsadda, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Organizational Politics, Transformational Leadership, Employees Commitment, Leadership Styles, Autocratic Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Public Sector Universities of Kpk
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).06	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).06
Page Nos:	40-50	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Contesting Sectarian Identity in Pakistan: Narratives from the Three Cities
Abstract:	Pakistan is facing a new wave of sectarian divide thus literally making it difficult for minority religious groups such as Shias to practice their religious rituals with freedom and liberty. During the last decade, the sectarian killings have increased to a substantial level much to the worry of the government and general public. The present study explores the impact of the widening sectarian cleavage due to the Shia rituals during and after the sacred month of Muharram in Pakistan. Shia religious practices are being challenged and their rites held down by the extremist groups who are bent upon hurl unforgiving criticism, random killings, a plethora of hate speeches, and religious demonstrations throughout Pakistan. Such practices have made it more exacting for the Shias to commemor ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Rahim Bakhsh PhD Scholar,Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Sarfraz Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Syed Imran Haider Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Ethnography, Pakistan, Rituals, Sectarian Conflict, Sectarian Identity.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).07	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).07
Page Nos:	51-57	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Impact of Parent-Teachers Meeting on Students Academic, Social, Emotional, and Psychological Development at Federal Government Educational Institutions in Pakistan
Abstract:	This research investigates the Impact of Parent- Teacher Meeting on Students Academic, Social, Emotional, and Psychological Development at Federal Government Educational Institutions in Pakistan.The quantitative, descriptive, and survey approach for the study. The target population of the current research work consisted of all F G E Is(c/ g) in Pakistan. Two similar questionnaires and one interview protocol were self-constructed. The reliability of both the questionnaires for teachers and parents was 0.961 respectively. The majority of teachers were masters degree holders with a 60.3% or 199 masters degree holding degree in the current work. Most of the parents reported that PTM fosters motivation for students homework completion. The majority of the principals reported that Social p ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Akram Shaker PhD Scholar, Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Javed Assistant Professor, Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Uzma Munawar Assistant Professor,Department of Education,Government College Women University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Development, Emotional, FGEIs, Parent-Teacher Meeting.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).08	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).08
Page Nos:	58-66	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Gender Differences in Motivation And Academic Achievement: A Study Of the University Students of KP, Pakistan
Abstract:	This descriptive survey research investigated the motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) from a gender point of view and established a link of motivation (extrinsic and intrinsic) with students academic achievement. From two public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 162 students were selected through the use of the technique of stratified random sampling. For measuring the students motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic), a scale developed by Lepper et al. (2005) was used. In order to analyze the collected data, the correlation coefficient and t-test were used. Results showed that Male students are more extrinsically motivated. A significant gender difference in the aspect of Easy work and academic outcomes exists. Furthermore, students educational attainment is significantly aff ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sadaf Naz Assistant Professor,Department of Education,Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2-Syed Afzal Shah Assistant Professor,Department of Education,The University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan. 3-Anjum Qayum Lecturer,Department of Education,Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Extrinsic Motivation, Gender, Intrinsic Motivation, University Students.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).09	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).09
Page Nos:	67-75	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Ethnography of Panchayat: Cases of Khula from Mandi Baha-Ud-Din
Abstract:	Panchayat is the epicenter of local Politiology that serves as a traditional and indigenous system of conflict resolution at the village level in Pakistan. Khula (divorce) is one of the social issues that are mostly handled by the panchayat besides the presence of a legal system: both institutions stay anonymous to each other. The study is conducted in Mandi Baha Uddin to understand the significance of Panchayat as a local level trusted institution meant for arbitration using qualitative approach. The methodology of the study was descriptive where case study and in-depth interview methods were used. The study findings endorse that Panchayat is an indigenous powerful political institution that can adjoin with the development sector in providing justice about agriculture, forestry, an ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Riaz Ahmad Muazzmi PhD Scholar, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Aneela Sultana Assistant Professor,Department of Anthropology,Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Biradari, Conflict Resolution, Khul’a, Local Level Politics, Panchayat, Politiology, Traditional Justice System.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).10	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).10
Page Nos:	76-83	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Construction of Baloch Ethnic Identity through Ethnolinguistic Awareness and Cultural Dynamics
Abstract:	The paper is based on a qualitative ethnographic study to explore the role of ethnolinguistic awareness and cultural dynamics in the construction of the ethnic identity of Baloch. The data was collected through focussed group interviews of twenty participants who were sampled through non-random criterion sampling and they belonged to at least thirteen different tribes of Baloch. The study was conducted within the theoretical perspective of Smolicz Core Value. The analysis of the rich data found the group members to be consciously self-aware of their distinct ethnic identity and more so in the present political situation of the province. The group members were also found to express their ethnicity through cultural dynamics such as common traditional dress and Balochi as the group lang ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Fouzia Rehman Khan Assistant Professor,Department of English,Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2-Mehwish Malghani Assistant Professor,Department of English,Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 3-Shazia Ayaz Lecturer, Department of English,National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Ethnic identity, Baloch, cultural dynamics, ethnolinguistic awareness.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).11	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).11
Page Nos:	84-91	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Analyzing Strategies for Developing Students Speaking Skills in Public Universities of Pakistan
Abstract:	In Pakistani educational system, English language has a distinguishing place for getting higher education and job opportunities. However, it is challenging task for ESL teachers to develop students speaking skills. Therefore, the current study aimed to analyze the strategies for developing students English language speaking skills and find out the new trends adopted by university teachers for developing students English language speaking skills. The researchers selected 2425 students and 97 teachers from public universities of Pakistan. A self-designed instrument was used to collect data. The calculated reliability of the tool was .876. Data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS and percentage, mean score, and standard deviation were calculated. The results conclude that teacher ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Syeda Sidra Nosheeen PhD Scholar,Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Javed Assistant Professor,Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Haseen Akhtar PhD Scholar,Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Strategies, Teaching, Developing, Speaking English
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).12	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).12
Page Nos:	92-99	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Unmaking the Anthropology of Mourning in a Psycho Analytical Perspective
Abstract:	Death often raises questions that science is unable to answer. Science may delay death, but it cannot stop it. Death is marked by grief and mourning. Mourning serves in a smooth transition, such as a liminal ritual of grief serves as a rite de passage between loss and re-enactment to the routine life. Generally, mourning or grief is described as a very private, personal emotion which is characterized by social withdrawal and shutting oneself off from the world. However, mourning also serves as an overt and public expression of grief whereby it serves as an identity marker to a community. The paper attempts to present a cross-cultural account of mourning and presents a psychoanalytical perspective of mourning with special emphasis on azaadari. The study presents an ethno theory on gri ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Mahwish Zeeshan Lecturer, Department of Anthropology,PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Shaheer Ellahi Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences,Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Azaadar, Cross-Cultural rituals, Grief, Mourning, Psycho-analytical perspective, Religion, Shia.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).13	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).13
Page Nos:	100-107	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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A Self-Determination Theory on Effect of Teacher Autonomy Support on Students Motivation in Public School of Pakistan
Abstract:	Self Determination Theory conjectures that teacher autonomy support propels motivation in education and educational achievements; however, the question of socially different conversations within SDT questions significance of TAS in schools and classrooms located in Asia. In a quasi-experimental study, 101 Grade-5 students, of a public school in Pakistan, were taken as the population for the present study, who underwent the pretest and posttests. The tests consisted of intervention for seven sessions by an expert language teacher. The data was cumulated to find the results from pretest, posttest1, and posttest2 by using intrinsic motivation inventory, a self-regulation questionnaire, and a learning climate questionnaire to find out the level of interest in the students during this st ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Roshi khalid Lecturer, Research and Evaluation Department (IOE),Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Moafia Nader Assistant professor,Department of Professional Studies (IOE),Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Afifa Khanam Assistant professor,Department of Professional Studies (IOE), Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Self- Determination Theory, Teacher Autonomy Support, Quasi-Experimental Study, Intrinsic Motivation, Socially Bound, Academic Outcomes
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).14	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).14
Page Nos:	108-118	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Improvement in Narrative Writing Skills with Communicative Teaching in Pakistani High Schools
Abstract:	The main objective of this research was to find an effect of communicative approach on narrative writing in 9th graders at secondary level. Relevant literature revealed that narrative writing can be enhanced with the help of communicative teaching. Pre-test post-test nonequivalent control group design had been used. To conduct the experimental study six (06) classes from two schools were selected conveniently were selected to gather data to achieve intended objective. There were 206 students involved in the experimentation. Communicative lessons were delivered in the experimental classroom only. The same pre-test was used as a posttest as well. Results of research depicted that communicative teaching had a remarkable effect on increasing narrative writing at secondary level. The outc ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Samiullah Assistant Professor, Department of ECE&ETE,Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Aftab Ahmad Lecturer,Department of Science Education,Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Abdul Majeed Khan Assistant Professor,Department of Education,University of Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Narrative Writing, Grammar Translation Method (GTM), Secondary Level.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).15	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).15
Page Nos:	119-127	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Modernization, Cultural Integration and Language Modification: A Study of the Potohari Language in Pakistan
Abstract:	This paper identifies the connection between cultural integration and language modification in Pakistan, with a focus on the Potohari region of northern Punjab. The study has primarily been conducted in the Potohar region, consisting of the three districts of Rawalpindi, Chakwal, and Gujarkhan. The respondents were selected mainly from innate Potohari families to determine and identify the changes in native language. The results indicated that the native language of Potohari has been replaced by the Urdu and English in the present generation. Younger people feel comfortable speaking these languages at their household level. The conservation of an aboriginal language is important before its liquidation. This paper highlighted the pace and extent of the replacement of the native langu ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shakeela Ibrahim PhD Scholar,Department of Taxila Institute of Asian Civilization, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Sajid Mahmood Awan Acting Director, National Institute of Historical and Cultural research.QAU, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Modernization, Cultural Integration, Language, Potohar, Pakistan.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).16	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).16
Page Nos:	128-135	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Perception and Satisfaction of Residents Regarding Services Provided Under Greater Faisalabad Water Supply, Sewerage and Drainage Project
Abstract:	A project funded by Asian Development Bank was executed in 1996. This project included provision of potable water, sewerage and drainage services. A PhD level dissertation was conducted to assess the impacts of this project on target population. Faisalabad city is divided into four municipal zones. A multistage sampling method was adopted for selection of respondents. The data was collected by using a pre-coded interview schedule. Only Inferential techniques were applied for data analysis to explore the association among different variables. The results revealed that the beneficiaries perceived better about the environmental improvements as well as they are satisfied with services provided under this project. It has outcome from results that there is a strong association between imp ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Waseem Nawaz PhD Scholar,Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Zahira Batool Professor,Department of Sociology,Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Shabbir Ch Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Perception, Predictor variable, Response Variable, Perception, Satisfaction level.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).17	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).17
Page Nos:	136-142	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Development of Story Writing Skills through Communicative Approach at Secondary Level in Pakistan
Abstract:	The main aim of this study was to observe the effect of communicative teaching on story writing skills among 9th graders. Relevant literature revealed that story writing skills can be increased through a communicative approach. Quasi-Experimental design, that is, pretest posttest nonequivalent control group design was used. Threats to internal/external validity were undertaken properly. Two groups were selected to collect data to achieve the above-stated aim. The creative compositions related to story writing skills were evaluated in the light of scoring rubrics. The data were analyzed using t-statistics. The communicative approach is recommended for teaching dialogue writing. ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aftab Ahmad Lecturer, Department of Education,Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Samiullah Assistant Professor,Department of ECE&ETE,Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Gulzar Ahmed Assistant Professor, Department of Teacher Education,University of Shikarpur, Sindh, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Communicative Approach/Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Story Writing, GTM, Secondary Level
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).18	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).18
Page Nos:	143-150	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Conglomerates in Pakistani Media Industry: Exploring the Effects of NonJournalistic Ownership of Media Companies
Abstract:	This study examines what role non-journalistic business conglomerates play in the Pakistani journalism industry. 56 experienced journalists were interviewed, and the data is analyzed by using Qualitative method of Grounded Theory (GT) methodology to generate codes/themes. The use of grounded theory is not very common in mass communication research. Results of this research show that non-journalistic business entities critically influenced journalism in Pakistan by investing a huge amount of money. They own media organizations and develop editorial policies that protect their business interests. They adopted a ridiculous approach by promoting several persons as journalists who have no journalism experience. Such "journalists" have been playing a crucial role in changing the landscape of the ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Haseeb Ur Rehman Warrich Assistant Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Ashfaq Assistant Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Shams Ur Rehma Lecturer, Media & Communication Studies, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Media Landscape, Conglomerates, Grounded Theory, Media Ownership, Qualitative Research
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).19	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).19
Page Nos:	151-159	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Context Factors Affecting Cognition and Performance of Undergraduate Science Students
Abstract:	Individual differences play a vital role in learning, as they lead learners towards Field-Dependent and Field-Independent learning styles, assumed the perceptions of individuals. For learning science, perception, spatial orientation and analytical approach have been considered extremely essential. There are several context factors which have been reported to have connection with directly or indirectly cognitive learning styles. The present study explored the effects of context factors such as age, gender,. academic achievement and mother’s qualification of science students. For this study, 462 undergraduate science students were selected randomly from BS Physics, BS mathematics, and BS Computer Engineering programmes from four universities. The standardize test “SHAPES” was adm ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Farkhunda Rasheed Choudhary Assistant Professor, Department of Education Planning,Policy Studies and Leadership, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Tariq Javed SST, Federal Government, Federal Government Public School No. 2 (Boys), Tariqabad, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Cognition, Context Factors, Learning Styles.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).20	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).20
Page Nos:	160-169	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Exploring the Effects of Contingent Rewards on Employee Responsiveness and Affective Commitment
Abstract:	The leading attribute of ‘transactional-leadership’ is ‘contingent-rewards’ which is supposed to be generating positive outcomes from the employees’ performance. For example, the ‘employee-responsiveness’ is increased when employees are rewarded for their worthy performances. The robotic behaviors by leadership have apprehensions of uninvited effects like employees’ discouragement, on the other hand, commitment with work when rewards are attached only with physical and external behavior, efforts and outputs. The employees feel unrecognized; as human beings, it is obviously a critical objective of every single employee for seeking a good professional status. Data were collected from the employees, working in higher education institutions. The study statistically measur ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Irfan Ullah Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Saqib Khan Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan 3-Muhammad Haroon Rehan PhD Scholar, Department of Public Administration, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Contingent Rewards, Employees’ Responsiveness & Effective Commitment.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).21	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).21
Page Nos:	170-180	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Factors Triggering Ethical Dilemmas in Teaching Sector of Pakistan
Abstract:	The purpose of this study is to explore the triggers behind ethical issues arising in teaching sector. The disreputable practices of the teachers cause stress, affect job satisfaction, drops the performance and above all disrupt the future of the students. Theoretical model of the study identified the causes and effects of ethical dilemmas in teaching sector by gathering data from three districts of Pakistan and Azad Kashmir. Results of the study are generated by using regression, correlation and descriptive statistics. There is positive relationship of Job satisfaction and Teacher’s performance with ethical dilemmas. Whereas, the context of Ethical Dilemmas identifies a negative relationship among job satisfaction and Job Performance respectively. The current investigation includ ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shabana Nawaz Khan PhD Scholar, Department of Public Administration, University of Kotli, AJ&K, Pakistan. 2-Imrab Shaheen Assistant Professor/Chairperson, Department of Public Administration, University of Kotli, AJ&K, Pakistan 3-Waqas Iftikhar Malik PhD Scholar, Department of Finance, Shanxi university of finance and Economics, Taiyuan,China.
Keywords:	Ethics, Business Ethics, Ethical dilemmas, Job Satisfaction, Performance and Stress.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).22	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).22
Page Nos:	181-190	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Document Analysis of Secondary School Curriculum Regarding Ethical and Moral Education in Punjab
Abstract:	In this study the researcher has analysed the secondary school curriculum regarding ethical and moral education in Punjab. In the study, 46 subjects, with 552 lessons, taught at secondary level, have been analysed. The books for these subjects are published by the Punjab Curriculum and Text Book Board (PCTB). The study examines the function of documents as a data source regarding ethical and moral education at secondary level through a self- structured rubric which has been prepared after extensive review of literature and was validated by subject experts. The article takes an evaluative approach with critical evaluation of the textbooks. The study found that the curriculum at the secondary level does not meet the needs of the students for developing sound, moral and ethical values ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Syeda Tehzeeb Alvi Religious and Moral values, Secondary level, Curriculum, Affective domain, Critical thinking, Scheme of Studies 2-Afifa Khanam Assistant Professor, Department, Institute of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Tahira Kalsoom Assistant Professor, Department, Institute of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Religious and Moral values, Secondary level, Curriculum, Affective domain, Critical thinking, Scheme of Studies
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).23	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).23
Page Nos:	191-206	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, ICTs, and Digital Economy: A Cross-District Analysis of Baseline Data for Gilgit-Baltistan
Abstract:	In the fast digitizing world, the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is pivotal for providing greater, efficient, and easier access to many basic services in the everyday life. In the era of globalization, ICT also provides opportunities for self-employment and income generation. It has the potential to pull many isolated regions out of poverty and it provides opportunities. In regard, the purpose of the research is to highlight the current status of ICT usage and infrastructure across various districts in Gilgit-Baltistan. It is anticipated that the installation of fiber optic cable from China to Pakistan along the CPEC route will connect Gilgit-Baltistan to the rest of the world by high speed internet. Using the baseline information, we explore the current ICT related c ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aftab Ahmed Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan. 2-Saranjam Muhammad Baig Director, Center for Research on CPEC (CRC), Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan. 3-Faqeer Muhammad Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Access to Computer, Access to Internet, ICT Usage, Mountain Regions
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).24	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).24
Page Nos:	207-221	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Impact of Student Support Services on Students Development at University Level
Abstract:	The main purpose of the study was to scrutinize the impact of student support services (SSS) on students’ development at the university level. The research design was quantitative in nature. The population of the study comprised of all university students of Islamabad. The simple random technique was used for the selection of the sample. The respondents were 80 students from those universities. Data were collected through a questionnaire and it has consisted of 56 items. Data were analyzed using statically mean, standard deviation and regression analysis of the impact of SSS on students’ development. The findings of study reveal that library services are adequate as compared to the availability of other support services and the results also reveal a strong relationship found amon ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shabeena Shaheen Student, Department of Education, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif, AJ&K, Pakistan. 2-Ziarab Mahmood Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif, AJ&K, Pakistan. 3-Nazir Haider Shah Assistant Professor Department of Education, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif, AJ&K, Pakistan.
Keywords:	SSS, Student Development, University Level
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).25	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).25
Page Nos:	222-229	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Print Media Coverage of Political Parties in Pakistan: Treatment of Opinion Pages of the Daily Jang and Daily Dawn
Abstract:	Historically, Print media especially newspapers in Pakistan were considered as mature and objective in their business. Currently, the phenomenon of ‘popular and crispy style’ of editorials is being explored for enhancing the readership of newspapers. Theperceptions we make in our mindsabout the worldare mostly basedon second-handreality which sometimes creates distortion in the information we receive whether it comes from media or any other channel of communication. Therefore, the role of media in framing certain aspects of political parties for the target audiences has been drastically enhanced in recent decades. The present study has focused on the coverage of political parties in the light of framing theory. The mainstream media covered these activities of the parties differen ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Abida Noureen Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Haseeb ur Rehman Assistant Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Khuram Shams MPhil Scholar, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Coverage, Print Media, Political Parties, Indexing Theory
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).26	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).26
Page Nos:	230-242	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Identification of Factors that Undermine the Teaching-Learning Process in the Subject of Physics at Secondary School Level
Abstract:	Teaching of Physics involves theoretical as well as practical skills development of students at secondary school level. The main aim of the study was to identify the factors that undermine the teaching learning process in the subject of physics. All secondary school’s science teachers were considered as population of the study. Two hundred (200) science teachers (100 each male and female) were selected as sample of the study through stratified random sampling techniques. Data was collected through a self-developed questionnaire of reliability coefficient 0.84 and were analyzed using statistical tools. The unavailability of physics teachers, laboratory, classrooms, related books were concluded undermining factors. Lake of physics teachers, and unfavorable working environment were f ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Kifayat Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. 2-Munir Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Malakand, Malakand, KP, Pakistan. 3-Abdur Rashid Lecturer in Education, Department of Education, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Teaching Physics, Undermining Factors, Teaching-Learning Process, Laboratory, Implement.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).27	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).27
Page Nos:	243-254	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Education for Building Bridges and Strengthening Physical Infrastructural Linkages in South Asia: A Case Study of South Asian University
Abstract:	Multi-track diplomacy provides an effective theoretical model, which considers education as an important track integral in ushering peace, building bridges, creating the necessary infrastructure, changing mindsets and ultimately enabling a transformation from conflict prone to peace-oriented societies. Thus, giving rise to the idea of a regional higher education institution, primarily to build a regional center of excellence, with a shared common vision, that would help create a South Asian community and provide equitable access to students from all over the region. However, functioning for a decade now, the South Asian University has not been able to achieve many of the aims associated with it, largely due to the inherent hurdles and regional politics. This study will highlight the ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Salma Malik Assistant Professor, Department of Defence & Strategic Studies (DSS), Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Shabana Fayyaz Assistant Professor, Department of Defence & Strategic Studies (DSS), Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	South Asian University, SAARC, Madrassah, COSATT, Covid-19, Literacy Rate, RCSS
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).28	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).28
Page Nos:	255-261	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Irregular Migration, Trafficking into Forced Marriage, and Health Insecurity
Abstract:	This study focuses on the lived experiences of women and girls trafficked from Afghanistan to Pakistan for forced marriages and highlights the ways they experience health insecurity associated with their exploitation. The primary data for this paper is drawn from in-depth interviews conducted with twelve women and girls trafficked from Afghanistan to the Balochistan province of Pakistan. The study showcases that the victims of trafficking are exposed to severe health risks during and after migration. As the victims lack legal status, they continue to experience exploitation and health insecurity throughout their lives. ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Makki Kakar PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Farhan Naveed Yousaf Associate Professor, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. 3-Ahmed Yousif Ahmed Al Draiweesh Professor, Department of Sharia and Law, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Irregular Migration, Trafficking into Forced Marriage, Health Insecurity, Gender
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).29	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).29
Page Nos:	262-268	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Parental Conflict and Role of Child Protection & Welfare Bureau on Children’s Life
Abstract:	The study is based on parental conflict and the role of the Child Protection & Welfare Bureau (CP&WB) on children’s life. Parental disharmony and friction can have a devastating effect on children and their mental growth. Besides posing a serious impediment to their change as they grow, the parental difference may lead to damaging lifelong effects on the children’s well-being. Kids may feel anxiety, depression, shame,or other similar issues when parental relationships result in impaired parenting practices arising out of conflict. The research was conducted at CP&WB in Bahawalpur. The study aimed to investigate the role of the Bureau for the betterment of the children. The methodology of the research was explanatory and the methods used for the research were interviews and obser ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Hira Azhar Rajpoot Student, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. 2-Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Keywords:	Parent’s Conflict, Child Protection, Child Neglection, Child Abuse, Child Integration
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).30	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).30
Page Nos:	269-278	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Indian Woman and her Sexuality: An Investigation Through Heterogeneous Application of Symbolic Masks in Girish Karnad’s Hayavadana
Abstract:	A critical look at the masks of different characters of Girish Karnad’s play Hayavadana (1971) shows that they serve two significant purposes; of both hiding and supporting the truth, which in itself is a relative phenomenon. I, here, focus on the objectives, techniques and types of mask usage in terms of disguise and revelation at the physical, emotional and psychological levels. The paper further highlights the power that the characters enjoy over other characters by using specific masks. By highlighting the theme of incompleteness in the play, the playwright seems to question Hindu religious and traditional values. The veiled wants of the characters are also shown to the readers in this article through a variety of subtle techniques. Qualitative approach has been adopted as meth ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Amara Khan Assistant Professor, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Disguise, Incompleteness, Mask, Revelation, Theatre, Tradition
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).31	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).31
Page Nos:	279-289	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Teachers' Error Treatment Practices and Perceptions in Teaching English to Adult EFL Learners in Saudi Arabia: A Gender-Based Qualitative Study
Abstract:	This paper explores error treatment practices in teaching English to Saudi adult English Language learners. In this genderbased qualitative study, thirty-six male and twenty-four female teachers were interviewed, using Hendrickson's (1978) theoretical framework to analyze learners' error treatment practices by EFL teachers. No significant difference in the male and female teachers was found in their perception of the students' errors, reasons and ways to correct students' errors and their perceptions of the backwash effect of the error correction. However, female teachers find a lack of student motivation as a major cause of errors. The study has also explored some unreflective and unprofessional error treatment practices that urge the need for regular training for the teachers to make the ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Assistant Professor, Department of English, GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Khaled B. Albesher Associate Professor, English Language Department, The College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. 3-Aisha Farid Assistant Professor, Department of English, GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Gender-Based Qualitative Study, Error Treatment, Psychological Dimensions, Adult EFL/ESL Learners.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).32	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).32
Page Nos:	290-299	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Comparative Analysis between Federation and Federalism
Abstract:	This paper discusses the comparative analysis between federalism and federation. Federalism is a theoretical framework while federation is a legal term manifesting itself in pragmatic form. The former is normative while the latter is descriptive in nature. Federalism is the means while federation is the end as there can be federalism without federation but there can be no federation without federalism. Federalism refers to an ideological perspective which acts as prescriptive guide while federation connotes constitutionally well-established institution. It has been discussed in formal centralized or effective centralized form, unitary or decentralized form, symmetrical or asymmetrical form, and fully or partially centralized form. Centripetal and Centrifugal forces provide the basic ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Tariq School Teacher, Elementary & Secondary Education Department Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Federation, Federalism, Government, Units, Framework
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).33	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).33
Page Nos:	300-307	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Role of Accreditation in Quality Enhancement of Technical and Engineering Education
Abstract:	Several researchers have noticed the role of technical and engineering education in economic progress. For quality of technical and engineering education, accreditation and quality enhancement are two important processes. This study was conducted because accreditation is a recent phenomenon and not well-researched in the context of technical and engineering education in Pakistan. This study explores the relationship between Accreditation and Quality Enhancement of technical and engineering education in Pakistan. It will be helpful for the policymakers in identifying the problems and suggesting changes in Accreditation process. The quantitative data was collected through survey and qualitative data was collected through in-depth interviews. In first phase response of ninety heads of p ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Imran Ashraf Ph D Scholar, Department of Educational Planning, Policy Studies and Leadership, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Afshan Huma Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Planning, Policy Studies and Leadership, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Accreditation, Engineering Education, Quality Enhancement, Technical Education.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).34	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).34
Page Nos:	308-322	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Modern Trends and Voting Behaviours in Politics of District Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
Abstract:	Elections play a significant role in democratic governance. The present investigation exhibited changing scenario as the importance of numerous factors is replaced by others which affects the magnitude of voting behavior of common peoples participating in electoral politics. It elucidates the causes that constitute political affiliation in District Dera Ghazi Khan. During our field surveys most of the respondents pleaded that Biradari and caste system encounter political leadership at local and country levels. The results reflect that people of District Dera Ghazi Khan (tribal and rural area) were mostly in favor of caste based preferences of political leader in electoral system. Peoples had their own preferences and vision across the literate or illiterate voter. The voter decides ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Farooq Akbar Leghari PhD Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Aftab Hussain Gillani Associate Professor/ Chairman, Department of Pakistan Studies, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Wasim Abbas PhD Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	South Punjab Politics, Voting Behavior, General Election Comparison, Modern Trends in Politics
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).35	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).35
Page Nos:	323-331	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Evaluation of Punjab Education and English Language Initiative (PEELI) Project in Pakistan
Abstract:	The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Punjab Education and English Language Initiative (PEELI) interventions (2018-19) on professional skills of primary school teachers in Punjab using Stufflebeam’s CIPP evaluation model (1983). PEELI is a collaborative project between the Government of the Punjab and British Council being implemented through Quaid-e-Azam Academy for Educational Development Punjab, Pakistan. In this qualitative research, data has been obtained through British Council’s Annual Reports, quarterly reports of third party, semi-structured interviews with four stakeholders, twelve trainers and thirty six primary school teachers in twelve districts of Punjab. The findings suggest that PEELI interventions have created positive impact on classroom delivery for m ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Samia Naz Course Coordinator, Quaid-e-Azam Academy for Educational Development Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Sarwat Jabeen Assistant Professor, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Abdul Rashid Lecturer, Department of English, Bahadur Sub Campus Layyah, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Punjab Education and English Language Initiative, CIPP Model, Child-Centered Classroom, Professional Development.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).36	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).36
Page Nos:	332-339	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Media, War and Peace: Towards Peace Journalism Strategies in Pakistan
Abstract:	In this article, the researchers have examined various factors that affect reporting of two deadly conflicts in Pakistan and identify peace-oriented strategies to help resolve these conflicts. For this purpose, comprehensive and inclusive interviews were conducted with reporters covering the Taliban conflict and the ethno-political conflict in Karachi. The researchers found that the nature of a conflict and threats from conflict stakeholders were the important factors that shape the production of conflict news. As far as peace journalism strategies are concerned, it was found that a more contextual way of reporting alongside humanization those sufferers would facilitate broader understanding and resolution of these conflicts in Pakistan. ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Inamullah Jan Lecturer, Department of Politics and International Relations, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Shabir Hussain Associate Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Peace Journalism, Propaganda, Conflict Escalation, Terrorism, Structural and Ideological Factors, Semi Structured Interviews.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).37	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).37
Page Nos:	340-345	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Application of Qualitative Management Techniques in Administrative and Academic Decision Making at Higher Secondary Level in Punjab
Abstract:	The purpose of the present research was to study the application of qualitative management techniques in administrative and academic decision making at higher secondary level in Punjab. The present study was a kind of exploratory and descriptive research. By using stratified random sampling technique, (197) principals of public higher secondary schools were selected as a sample. A self developed questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by performing independent sample t-test. The findings of the study showed that there was no significant difference between over all male and female Principals extent of the use of qualitative decision making techniques in planning, directing and as well as in administrative and academic decision making process. However, there found to ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Liaqat Ali PhD Scholar, Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Yousaf Associate Professor, Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Tariq Javaid PhD Scholar, Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Qualitative Management Techniques, Decision Making, Planning, Directing, Higher Secondary Level.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).38	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).38
Page Nos:	346-355	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Scientific Reasoning Ability and Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students
Abstract:	Scientific reasoning ability is considered as developing ability and is improved through knowledge acquisition. So, the study was opted to find out the relationship between the scientific reasoning ability and the achievement marks of SSC science graduates. All SSC science graduates enrolled in intermediate 1st year class in any public or private college of Punjab were the population. 1620 students from four districts were conveniently selected. The suitable test Lawson reasoning ability test was adapted with permission to make it bilingual and pilot testing brought Cronbachs α value 0.914. Test was administered to 1620 students of both public and private colleges whereas returned rate was 93.7%. Results calculated through descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation was no signif ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Mushtaq Ahmad Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-M. Anees-ul- Husnain Shah Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, DG Khan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Arslan Raheem Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, DG Khan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Scientific Reasoning, Ability testing, Academic Achievement & Secondary School Science Students
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).39	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).39
Page Nos:	356-363	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Impact of Differentiated Instruction on Student Learning: Perception of Students and Teachers
Abstract:	The present study examines the perceptions and influences of the teachers and the students in relation to differentiated education. The research population contains all the academic departments of Karakoram International University (KIU). Five departments were selected as sample of the study. Moreover 5 teachers and 10 students were selected from each department. The study objectives were 1) to find out teachers perception of differentiated instruction. 2) to find out students’ perception of differentiated instruction. 3) to examine how differentiated instruction, influence student classroom learning. The questionnaire was used as a research instrument. Data were collected and the analysis revealed the following conclusion: 1) Differentiated instructions have a great influence on t ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Javed Iqbal Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Development, Karakoram International University, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. 2-Abdul Majeed Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Nisar Principal, Department of Education, Model High School, Shakardarra, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Differentiated Instruction, Learning, Academic Performance.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).40	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).40
Page Nos:	364-375	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Relationship of Principals Academic Decision-Making Practices with Faculty Morale: A Study of Colleges in Punjab
Abstract:	This study examines the relationship between principals academic decision-making practices and faculty morale. A descriptive survey study has been adopted. The population of the study comprised all the faculty members working in public sector colleges of Punjab, province of Pakistan. Two questionnaires based on five-point Likert Scale, namely Academic Decision-Making Practices (ADMP) questionnaire to measure practices was adopted by the principals and Faculty Morale Scale (FMS) to measure morale of teaching faculty. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, correlation coefficient and linear regression model. A positive significant relationship between principals academic decision making practices and morale of faculty members was found. Some academic decision-maki ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Education Lahore (Okara Campus), Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Tahir Khan Farooqi Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Education Lahore (Okara Campus), Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Waqar Ali PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Education Lahore (Okara Campus), Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Academic Decision Making, Practices, Morale, Principals, Faculty, Colleges.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).41	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).41
Page Nos:	376-385	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Comparison of Impact of Traditional and Modern Teaching Methods on Students' Performance at Elementary School Level
Abstract:	Teaching method acts as a fundamental catalyst of engineering the students learning at all levels. The present research explores the effect of lecture and word wall approaches on elementary level students in their academics with respect to their conceptual comprehension. The purpose of the study was pre-testing and post-testing experimental research that is equivalent group, while in the sample of study 50 students from class 5 were divided into two categories: 25 students in control and experimental classes.The data was collected through pretest and posttest in the form of written tests from students on weekly basis, which was analyzed via ANCOVA using SPSS. The results show that a modern teaching method, i.e. the word-wall, and a high conceptual understanding, enhances the performa ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext - Erratum
Author/s:	1-Obaid Ullah Lecturer, Faculty of Education, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Mohammad Iqbal Professor, Department of Education, Department of Education, SUIT, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Word Wall (WW), Lecture method (LM), Student Performance, Control Group (CG), Experimental Group (EG)
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).42	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).42
Page Nos:	386-395	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Portrayal of Victims of Global Conflict in US, Indian and Pakistani Press
Abstract:	The article claims that one way to be used use the proximity in empirical analyses of framing victims of international conflicts is to measure the religious proximity and their intention of intervention between the media of reporting country and conflicting parties. Using qualitative content analysis, our research will demonstrate that religious proximity and intervention intention is related to successful framing of conflicting victims, building in the hypothesized direction: The closer the proximity between reporting country and conflict actor, the greater the chance that the actor will be highly empathized and the opposite side framing will be highly brutalized. The study analyzes each story with four functional frames suggested by Entman. Research will focus that media of reporti ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Yasar Arafat PhD Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Rooh Ul Amin Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Atif Shehzad Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Proximity, International Conflict, Victim, Framing, News Media
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).43	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).43
Page Nos:	396-402	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Challenges of Novice Teachers and Strategies to Cope at Secondary Level
Abstract:	The main purpose of this research study was to find out challenges of novice teachers affecting their performance and suggest measures to control their attrition. Population of the study comprised all novice teachers of public sector girls secondary schools of Sahiwal, Okara and Pakpattan districts. Sample of the study consisted on 206 novice teachers randomly selected from 45 schools out of population. A self-developed questionnaire consisted on Five - point Likert scale was used to collect data, which was organized, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by using mean score, frequency score, percentage, standard deviation and t-value. It was found that lack of conducive school environment, non-supportive head teachers attitude, lack of pedagogical skills and students disruptive behavi ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Gulzar Ahmed Assistant Professor, Department of Teacher Education, Shaikh Ayaz University, Shikarpur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2-Waqar Un Nisa Faizi Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 3-Sana Akbar MPhil Scholar, Department of Education, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Novice Teachers, Challenges, Strategies, Job Satisfaction
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).44	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).44
Page Nos:	403-416	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Effect of Institutional Climate on Students Ethical Grooming: A Secondary School Level Study
Abstract:	Schools are the best places which support students’ moral development. The purpose of this research study was to determine the effect of institutional climate on students ethical grooming. The sample comprised of sixty (60) heads, three hundred (300) SSTs and three hundred (300) students of Punjab School Education Department selected on a random basis. The questionnaires and interview schedule was used as tools of research. The research tools were piloted and validated before actual data survey. It was concluded that the institutional climate has a positive effect on ethical grooming of students. A large number of ethical traits like discipline, teamwork, time management, religious diversity, manners and etiquettes, cultural diversity, confidence, speaking skills, intellectual skills, at ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Nisar Ul Haq Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Development, Karakoram International University, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Zaigham Qadeer Associate Professor, Department of Science Education, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Javed Iqbal Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Development, Karakoram International University, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Moral Development, Secondary Schools, Ethics, Effect, Institutional Climate
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).45	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).45
Page Nos:	417-424	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Assessing Psychometrics of Goal Orientation Scale in Pakistani Context
Abstract:	Goal orientation has been tested all over the world. However, the present study was conducted to validate the Goal Orientation Scale in Pakistan. A total of 141 students from two Pakistani public sector universities participated. A cross validation procedure based on factor analysis was adopted to analyze the collected data. The study was conducted in two stages. During the first stage, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed to assess the four-factor structure. In the second stage, the hypothesized four-factor model was assessed by using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results supported the four-factor model consisting of task orientation, self-enhancing orientation, self-defeating orientation and avoidance orientation. Reliability and validity estimates confirmed the adeq ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Iqbal Ahmad Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir, KP, Pakistan. 2-M. Anees ul Husnain Shah Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, DG Khan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Saeed MPhil Scholar, Senior Headmaster, Government High School, Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Goal Orientation, Scale Validation, Teacher Education, Psychometric Testing
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).46	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).46
Page Nos:	425-433	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Impact of Religion on the Personality Development of Non-Muslims Students Living in Pakistan
Abstract:	The current study aimed to examine the impact of religiosity on the personality development of non-Muslim students living in Pakistan. Social development, Emotional control, Attitude for various situations of life, Tolerance, Attitude towards others and creativity were the major factors that have been observed. Major contribution of study was to trace out the relationship of different religious students with their personality development. It was concluded that the personality of Christian and Hindu students was directly associated with their religious beliefs and practices. The study proposed further research in the field to investigate personality development in Christian and Hindu majority population ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aneela Sana Akhtar PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Akhtar Ali Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Sobia Altaf PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Religion, Personality, Development, Attitude
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).47	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).47
Page Nos:	434-441	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Role of Technology in Developing Oral Fluency among Intermediate Students
Abstract:	Use of technology develops learner oral fluency, as well as their other learning skills. The recent research is on the role of modern technology in developing oral fluency of English among the students of intermediate level. The objective of the paper is to answer the question, what role technology plays in developing the oral fluency of learners? This study has been built on the hypothesis that technology has a positive influence on oral fluency, as by using technology learners enhance their oral fluency. In order to check our hypothesis this study used the quantitative data through questionnaire from 200 students (both male and female) aged between 17-19 years, at intermediate level from Government Emerson College Multan and Government Degree College Multan. The framework employed ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Mahnoor Zahra MPhil scholar, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Tanveer Hussain Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Deeba Shahwar Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Modern Technology, Oral Fluency, Use of Technology in Second Language Learning.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).48	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).48
Page Nos:	442 ‒ 459	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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A Study on the Quality Assurance Practices being Adopted in Public and Private Universities of Punjab, Pakistan
Abstract:	Study was undertaken to find quality assurance practices being adopted in public and private sector higher education institutes of Punjab Pakistan. There were total 156 faculty members (male & female) in the selected four departments of 10 selected universities (5 from public and five from private) which constitute as accessible population of this study. Self-constructed instrument was validated by expert opinion and pilot testing. The responses of the faculty members were measured with the help of frequency and their percentages, mean and standard deviations. It was concluded that the quality assurance practice regarding quality learning environment, quality learning outcomes, quality content etc are contributing towards the provision of learning environment. Institutions wise no s ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sadia Ayaz PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Khalid Rashid Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Ramzan PhD, School Education Department, Al-Jannat Villas, 13/G Road Chishtian (Bahawal Nagar), Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Quality Assurance, Quality Content, Quality Learning Outcomes, Quality Learning Environment
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).49	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).49
Page Nos:	460-470	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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An Exploratory Study of the Factors that Promote and Delay Sustainable EcoTourism Development in Mansehra
Abstract:	Geographically Mansehra district is situated on Karakoram Highway that links to ancient Taxila, Kashmir, Gilgit-Baltistan, China, and Central Asia. It is the central point for visitors, transportation, exchange, and business in the northern zone. This vicinity is constantly cherished by visitors for its rich potential of tourism attractions with delightful nature, magnificent valleys, and high altitude mountains for adventures and nature lovers. However, this research seeks to make contributions to the present literature of heritage management and tourism development through exploring the rich tourism potential in Mansehra. Exploratory in nature, the study adopts a qualitative technique combining primary and secondary data analysis and scholars observation. The findings reveal that ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Usman Khan Lecturer, Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Faisal Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Management Science, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Faizan Malik Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Mansehra, Tourism Potential, Challenges, Prospects, Management
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).50	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).50
Page Nos:	471-478	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Finnish Education System and its Triumph in Pisa: Lessons to Learn for Pakistan
Abstract:	Finland has emerged as world leader in terms of educational achievement and become a symbol for school development and reforms since the first exam of Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), a test structured for the fifteen-year-old students, in science and language literacy, on which it ranked highest among Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations. The major aim of the study was 1) to review the factors behind the phenomenal success of Finnish education system, 2) what lessons possibly Pakistan could learn while considering the differences. The findings were that there were no isolated factors that have a contribution in the success of Finnish Education system rather there were numerous interrelated factors that had added strength to Finland�s s ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sobia Altaf PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Abid Shehzad Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Aneela Sana Akhtar PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Finnish Education System, Teacher Education, Pakistan, PISA
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).51	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).51
Page Nos:	479-487	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Effect of Instructionally Embedded Formative Assessment on Students' Motivation to Learn at Higher Education Level
Abstract:	Formative assessment is known for its positive effects it has on students' achievement. This study was designed to find out the effect of formative assessment on students' motivation at the higher education level. This study was experimental in nature; intact pre-test post-test control group design was used for data collection purpose. Sample of the study was selected conveniently, which comprised of undergraduate students. Students belonging to the experimental group were taught with instructional embedded formative assessment, whereas students belonging to the control group were taught with formal teaching methods. Students of both groups were required to fill a motivation questionnaire at the start and end of the study to check the level of intervention. Data collected through pre-test ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shumaila Hameed PhD. Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Mumtaz Akhter Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Instructionally Embedded Formative Assessment, Motivation, Self-Efficacy, Goal Orientation, Learning Strategies
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).52	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).52
Page Nos:	488-499	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Impact of Servant Leadership on Teaching Effectiveness: A Study of Public Sector Universities, KP, Pakistan
Abstract:	Among many leadership styles, servant leadership is among recent style that is getting a wide range of attention and acceptance among business researchers and academia. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of Servant leadership influence on teaching effectiveness. Data were collected through questionnaires from 480 students of two public sector universities KPK. Structured Equation Modeling (AMOS) was employed to test the hypotheses of the study. Three models were developed and tested. The results show that Servant Leadership had a positive but insignificant impact on teaching effectiveness; interesting findings are that individual dimensions of servant leadership had a strong positive and significant impact on teaching effectiveness. Thus, this paper provides in-depth anal ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aftab Haider Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Anees Khan Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Tanveer Taj Assistant Professor, Department of Business Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Servant Leadership (SL), Leadership, Teaching Effectiveness (TE), Structural Equation Modeling
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).54	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).54
Page Nos:	509-518	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Teachers' Preparation: A Contribution of Distance Education in Pakistan
Abstract:	The main objectives of the study were to explore the theoretical and practical component of teacher training programme and effectiveness of instructional package particularly the instructional material and contribution of the teacher education programme of distance education in teacher training. In light of the literature review, the three questionnaires were developed to survey the contribution of the teacher education programme of distance education in teacher training. The respondents were of the opinion that the instructional package, particularly instructional material, is effective for teacher training. The tutorial system contributes to the interaction between the tutor and students as well as peer students. T.V programmes on teachers' education are also providing additional inform ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Abdul Waheed Senior Subject Specialist, Department of Education, Government Higher Secondary School Padshahan, Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Asad Naeem Manuchaher DEO, (SE), Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Rashdah Jabeen DEO, W-EE, Chichawatni, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Teacher Training, Teacher Education, Distance Education, Distance Tutor, Tutorials, Assignments, Workshop, Correspondence Material, Study Centre.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).55	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).55
Page Nos:	519-531	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Role of Siraiki in Teaching/Learning English at Graduation Level: A Case Study from the Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Abstract:	The focus of the present research was to find out the Role of Siraiki Language in Teaching/Learning English Language at graduation Level. By this study the researcher attempted to expose the intentions for which the students and instructors make use of Siraiki in their English language classroom inside and outside activities and in the same way, to show the actions and the situations in which they select for not using their L1. To explore a clear comprehension of the current subject matter, the research targeted on the 577 students and the 156 teachers. Data was collected through questionnaires. The data was examined through SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) 23 version. Data were inspected using descriptive analysis, Analysis of variance (ANOVA), T-Test and Cronbach's alpha. T ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Ahsan Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2-Zahoor Hussain Lecturer, Department of English, Bahaudin Zakariya University, Layya Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Noshaba Younus Instructor, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Teaching, Learning, Siraiki, Grammar, Assignments
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).56	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).56
Page Nos:	532-543	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Family Relations after the Emergence of Social Media: A Comparative Analysis of Single-Family and Joint Family Systems
Abstract:	This study's main aim is to explore the impact of social media on family ties. A quantitative method of survey is used to gather data. The survey is conducted both face-to-face and through emails. One hundred respondent take part in this research through a survey while media displacement theory implemented on present research. Statistics indicate that people living in a single-family group use more social media than people living together. Findings also say people are using social media to escape family problems. There is a small disparity between the people who live in both family systems on whether or not social media eliminates the original family. The present research suggests more awareness in better usage of social media to avoid family values destruction. ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Tanveer Hussain Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Iqra Imtiaz MS Scholar, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Ashraf Iqbal Assistant Professor (Incharge), Department of Mass Communication, GC University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Social Media; Family Communication; Survey; Media Displacement
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).57	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).57
Page Nos:	544-551	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Development and Standardization of Indigenous Student Problem Identification Scale
Abstract:	An individual's development ensures continuous changes that introduce challenges and conflicts that may hassle him. Transition to the university may expose them to a wide array of threats that they may not be able to cope with successfully. These may thus influence individuals' psychological and behavioral functioning and physical wellbeing. It may be the institution's responsibility to provide help to these individuals; however, for this purpose, these problems need to be identified and evaluated foremost. Henceforth, this research is concerned with the development and standardization of the Student Problem Identification Scale (SPIS) on a sample of 415 undergraduates. Through a semi-structured interview, a list of problems was generated. Those that were recurring were subsequently remove ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Fizzah Abid Warris Research Student, Department of Psychology, Forman Christian College: A Chartered University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Ivan Suneel Samuel Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Forman Christian College: A Chartered University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Saima Majeed Senior Clinical Psychologist, Punjab Institute of Mental Health, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Problem, Transition, Scale Development, University/Undergraduate Students, Mental Health, Academic Issues.
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).58	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).58
Page Nos:	552-565	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Secondary Schools Leadership: Promotee and Punjab Public Service Commission' Selectee
Abstract:	The study was aimed to check the effectiveness of secondary schools leadership, i.e. promotee and Punjab Public Service Commission (PPSC) selectees. It was descriptive research and cross-sectional survey design in nature. Population for this study comprised of all 4188 SSTs working under promotes and selectees school leadership across Punjab province. The sample consisted of 648 SSTs selected on a systematic random basis. The opinions were taken from SSTs about their school leadership by a self-developed questionnaire which was based on four points Likert scale. Independent sample t-test and Chi-square tests were applied to analyze the data. The study concluded that Punjab Public Service Commission' selectees school leadership regarding passionate vision, developing a conducive environment ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Arif PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Hameed Nawaz Associate Professor, Department of Education, The University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Effectiveness, School Leadership, PPSC, Selectee, Promotee, Chi-Square
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).59	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).59
Page Nos:	566-575	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Policies and Strategies for Reducing Health Disparities: A Study of Toombs County Georgia
Abstract:	The county Toombs is located in the state of Georgia in the U.S. In the census of the year 2010, the recorded population was 26,067 people. The household number was 9,877, and the number of families counted was 6825. The density of population was recorded 71 persons per square mile. 11,371 houses were found per 31 square miles. This study is done to find out the disparities in the state. The analysis of the data is done in the SPSS. The studied disease is AIDS, Cancer and Diabetes as they were the most emerging diseases among the population. The outburst of the epidemic was also counted and calculated. At the end of this research proposal policy options are given and divided into micro policies and macro policies. These policy options may help to minimize the gap created because of the he ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Zargham Ullah Khan Assistant Professor, Hailey college of Banking and Finance, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Ujala Siddiq Lecturer, Faculty of Contemporary Studies, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Jaffar Mehmood Butt M.Phil Scholar, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Policy, Population, Disease, Person, State
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).60	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).60
Page Nos:	576-583	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Subjectivity, Power Affairs and Migration: A Foucauldian Analysis of Hamid's Exit West
Abstract:	This article explores the issue of subjectivity under migration in Mohsin Hamid's Exit West through the application of Foucauldian theorization of the construction of subject through genealogy. For Foucault, it is the insurrection of subjugated knowledge. It deals with the manifestations of power in the society through 'strategies of domination'. Foucault Emphasizes the controlling of the private lives of the laymen. This subjectified community is "carceral culture" where social subjects face diffused punishments and discipline restricting their personal emancipation. The study finds that migrants experience the issue of subjectivity because of political reasons and the dominance of discourse-media functions as a tool of surveillance of the subjects. Exit West explores the issues of ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Nayab Sadiq M. Phil, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Ali Usman Saleem Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Sahar Javaid Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Subjectivity, Migration, Pakistani Literature in English, Foucauldian Studies, Genealogy
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).61	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).61
Page Nos:	584-593	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Racist Contextualization of the N-Word in Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God
Abstract:	With Roger Fowler's theory of 'linguistic construction', this study specifically analyses the use of the N-word (nigger) within Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God, its contextual use and the function it plays within the context and sequence of events in the delimited fiction. The N-word, which is considered highly sensitive in American society, especially in the context of African Americans, is analyzed within the immediate context of event and situation in which characters are engaged, depending on who is talking to whom, when and where, and with what purpose in mind. The entire communicative event of the N-word is also placed within the global context to fully situate the event and locate the function of the N-word within and outside the literary text and its use and ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Rizwan Aftab PhD Candidate, Department of English National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Asim Aqeel Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities & Linguistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Mumtaz Ahmad Assistant Professor-Principal, Department of English, Governament Guru Nanak Postgraduate College, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	African American Fiction, Contextualization, Language, Linguistics, N-Word
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).62	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).62
Page Nos:	594-603	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Implementation of Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum 2017: A Case Study of Pakistani Public Schools
Abstract:	The study was determined to find the teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum in public schools. The objective of the study was to find out the teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum in public schools. All the ECCE teachers in public schools formed the population of the study. The 20 teachers were observed through the purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by using the ECCE teachers' practices observation protocol in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum. The qualitative data was analyzed through thematic analysis. The data represents that the teachers' practices in ECCE are knowledge, learning environment, instructional strategies, assessment, individualized attention and teacher-parent relation. It is recommended that th ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aroona Hashmi Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Raima Mubashar M.Phil Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Fasiha Altaf PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Early Childhood Care and Education, Teachers Practices, Curriculum Implementation
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).63	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).63
Page Nos:	604-615	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) - A Project of Assurance for Inclusive and Quality Education in Pakistan
Abstract:	Pakistan is a member of UNO and has signed an agreement of achieving SDGs goals by 2030. Providing inclusive and quality education to all citizens of Pakistan is one of the SDGs' goals. All selected goals are interlinked and flaws in one goal could ultimately affect the others. CPEC is a project which is expected to bring economic revolution in China and Pakistan. The purpose of this research study was to explore whether this project (CPEC) will also support Pakistan in providing inclusive and quality education to its people and for the purpose comments of critics and research scholars were explored and analyzed using conceptual and relational content analysis techniques a qualitative approach. ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Stephen John Associate Professor, Department of Education, Sindh Madressa-tul-Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2-Pervaiz Ali Mahesar Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 3-Zahid Hussain Sahito Assistant Professor, Department of Teacher Education, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan.
Keywords:	China Pakistan Economic Corridor; and Inclusive & Quality Education
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).64	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).64
Page Nos:	616-622	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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A Qualitative Study on Issues of English Curriculum Implementation at Higher Secondary Level Schools in Pakistan
Abstract:	This study was designed to explore the issues of English curriculum implementation at higher secondary level in Punjab. The study was qualitative in nature, and the sample was selected by using a purposive sampling technique that comprised 10 English teachers. One interview protocol named issues of English curriculum implementation was used to collect the data, and thematic analysis was applied to analyze the participants interview transcripts. The interview protocol was also validated by experts. The results of the study showed that English teachers faced various issues of social and ethical development, ensuring the quality of the English language, the validity of curriculum, multiculturalism and textbook alignment with curriculum document. The results of the study suggested giving ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Saleem Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Government Islamia College Civil lines, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Hafiza Sadiya Iqbal Lecturer, Department of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Rafaqat Ali Akbar Director, IER, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Issues, Curriculum, Implementation, Level
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).65	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).65
Page Nos:	623-632	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Pashto-English Hybridization: Unknotting the knitted Compound Words
Abstract:	Hybridization has a significant role in creating words that have the flavor of both the knotted languages. It not only results in the formation of single words but also leads to compound word creation. The present study aims to unveil hybridization in compound words. For this purpose, 5 Pashto TV programmes from Khyber News were selected through purposive sampling. In this study, the framework developed by Kachru (1978) and adapted by Rasul (2006) has been employed. The findings show that hybridization in compounding is a frequently occurring phenomenon that usually has different arrangements of words from both languages, i.e., Pashto words coming before the English word or vice versa depending on the nature of compounding; however, mostly the Pashto words were placed before. Out of ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Nisar Ahmad Lecturer, Department of English, Govt. Postgraduate College, Nowshera, KP, Pakistan. 2-Liaqat Iqbal Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Atif Lecturer, Department of English, Govt. Postgraduate College, Nowshera, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Language contact, hybridization, compound words, language change, code-switching
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).66	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).66
Page Nos:	633-641	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Artificial Intelligence as the New Art of War: An Appraisal
Abstract:	The world has been drastically moved into new arenas by the implementation of new technologies in almost every discipline. One such advancement is Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is playing a vital role in the military. The data scientists are designing such algorithms that can help in understanding the minds of individuals by closely analyzing the patterns of their thinking. Such Algorithms include many different approaches to data mining. All these advancements in Artificial Intelligence are assisting military forces in devising strategies that will not only enhance the functioning but will also give proactive ways rather than reactive ways while handling the wars or the threat of wars(Manzotti and Chella, 2018). In the contemporary world of using soft powers as a ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shabnam Gul Ph. D. Political Science (LCWU), (In-Charge) Department of International Relations, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Faizan Asghar Mphil, Peace & Counter Terrorism Studies, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Adeel Irfan Head of Department/Assistant Professor, School of Peace & Counter-Terrorism Studies, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	AI, Data Mining, Hot Cognition, Theory of Mind, Insurgency, Soft Power, Unarmedwar
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).67	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).67
Page Nos:	642-650	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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Fit or Being Fitted: Academic Institutional Managers' Conflict Management Styles
Abstract:	The beauty of society lies in the differences of opinions, and if this difference of opinion is constructive, society booms. The difference of opinions is also known as conflict of opinions. The study aimed to explore the practices and perceptions of different conflict management styles adopted by the different academic managers in the area of Southern Punjab. As the research problem is a current phenomenon and survey research design is most appropriate to achieve such kind of study. All Principals/Vice Principals and teachers of all public and private colleges of the Southern Punjab region were the populations of the study. By adopting a multistage sampling technique, the targeted sample was selected. Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory (ROCI), designed by Rahim in 1983, was ado ... Read More - Download PDF - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Najam ul Kashif Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Akhtar Ali Dean, Faculty of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Qasim Ali PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Conflict Management Styles, Win-Lose Position, Integrating Style in Conflict Management, Public and Private Colleges, Southern Punjab
DOI Number:	10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).68	DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).68
Page Nos:	651-658	Volume & Issue:	V-I
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