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Volume-VI

, Issue-II

(SPRING 2021)

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01 - Image of Islam and Pakistan after 9/11: Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).01
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).01      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The study examines the image of Islam and Pakistan post 9/11 scenario documented in Pakistani Urdu and English newspapers. Results are deduced by analyzing headlines while applying the CDA model projected by Fairclough (1989, 1995) with respect to vocabulary items, viewpoints, and newspapers' ideologies. The results from the study indicated that these two newspapers heavily rely on some selected l... Details

    Ideology, Islam, Pakistan, Newspapers, Nawa-i-Waqat, Dawn

    (1) Muhammad Ahsan
    Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Zahoor Hussain
    Lecturer, Department of English, Bahaudin Zakariya University, Layya Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Mohammad Arshad
    Daanish School, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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02 - Social Media and Family Integration: Perception of College Students of Faisalaba

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).02
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).02      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This study explores to what extent social media play's role in family relationships, Results indicate that "Social media is positively predicting communication between family members with a coefficient of .320 and the dependent variables. "People prefer spending more time on social media than with family", as (55.5%) agreed and (18.5%) are strongly agreed. This study suggests social media can prov... Details

    Family, Relationships, Unity, Social Media, Communication, Cohesion

    (1) Ashraf Iqbal
    In-charge, Department of Mass Communication, GCU Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Raheela Firdous
    MPhil Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, GCU Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Tanveer Hussain
    Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, UMT Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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03 - Transgressing Hopi Gender Roles: A Spatial Study of Polingaysi Qoyawayma's No Tu

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).03
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).03      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    Native American cultures are constituted upon the gendered division of labor. The economic spaces are constructed upon gender roles that allocate specific roles to Native American men and women. The subsequent socio-economic patterns allocate spatially marginalized positions to the Native American woman in comparison with men. The present study explores Native American woman's transgression of tra... Details

    Economic Space, Gender Roles, Hopi Culture, Native American Woman, Spatiality, Transgression

    (1) Fasih ur Rehman
    Lecturer, Department of English, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Kanza Umer Khan
    Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Ali Usman Saleem
    Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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04 - Child Labor in Karachi: Situation and Realities Behind Increased Number of Worki

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).04
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).04      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The number of working children in Karachi is increasing day by day, and the objective of this research study was to highlight the situation and explore the reasons behind it. For this purpose, using sequential exploratory research design, data was collected from working children and parents of some of the children and was analyzed using SPSS. It is concluded that parents and their children have a ... Details

    Child-Labour, Karachi, Predicators & Increased numbers

    (1) Stephen John
    Associate Professor, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Sadaf Khan
    Department of Business Administration, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Pervaiz Ali Mahesar
    Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
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05 - Assessing the Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Depression in El

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).05
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).05      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The purpose of this research is to investigate the association of perceived social support (PSS) and depression in middle and older aged people. A random sample of 126 elderly persons, age between 40 years to 75 years, were selected from different areas of Karachi. A demographic data sheet was administered along with study scales. To explore the relationship, correlation coefficient and linear reg... Details

    Perceived Social Support, Depression, Middle and Older Adults

    (1) Umara Rauf
    Department of Psychology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Uzma Sarwar
    Department of Psychology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Rafit Saheed
    School of Public Policy, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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06 - Kashmiri Crafts - A Fascination for Tourists

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).06
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).06      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    Kashmir has different brightening prestigious expressions and specialities which have been famous for quite a long time for their fine work and magnificence. To be sure, Kashmiri speciality items are unbelievable. Artwork is the primary wellspring of pay for the Kashmiris. Speciality work or essentially make is a kind of embellished work hand made utilizing just basic apparatuses. Things made by l... Details

    Art & Craft, Kashmiri Craftsmanship, Prevailing Culture, Ruling Kashmir Tradition, Intangible Heritage, Traditional Crafts, Sustainable Development

    (1) Junaid Bashir
    Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism & Hospitality, Foundation University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Anas Mahmud Arif
    Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism & Hospitality, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Owais Khan
    Graduate, Department of Archaeology, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
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07 - Commercial Activity: Intera-Regional Trade & Commerce between Sind and Multan in

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).07
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).07      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This research deals with the trade relations between two major towns of Karachi and Multan in the colonial period. The aim of this article is to develop a general narrative of the commercialization of crops that led to the growth of intra-regional trade and economy-addressing the issues of how these two centers contributed to the new economic development of South Asia as well as marinating their h... Details

    Intera-Regional Trade, Sindh, Multan, Colonial Period, Commerce

    (1) Abida Kausar Chuadhary
    Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies & History, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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08 - Mass Media as a Source of Agricultural Information: An Overview of Literature

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).08
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).08      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This research paper provides a systematic review of published research work by different research scholars regarding the role of communication channels in disseminating agricultural information and the diffusion of agricultural innovations among agriculturists. Findings of review are summarized with the help of reviewing methodology, major findings and implications of earlier published researches.... Details

    Mass Media, Agricultural Information, Adoption of Innovation, Farmers

    (1) Pervaiz Akhter
    Faculty of Media and Communication Studies, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Tanveer Hussain
    Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Hafiz Bilal Ahsan
    Program Producer, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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09 - Hybrid Warfare Strategy of India: Impacts on Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).09
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).09      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    Hybrid warfare is a multi-faceted military strategy, an amalgam of conventional, irregular, and cyber warfare where technology adds exuberant intensification in the methods of hybridity to achieve political goals. The objective of this study is to conceptualize hybrid warfare, analyze India's hybrid warfare against Pakistan and suggest a counter-response to neutralize the hybrid forces working aga... Details

    Hybrid Warfare, Strategy, Global Security Environment, Pakistan, India's Hybrid Warfare, Regional and Extional Actorsra-Reg

    (1) Nasreen Akhtar
    Assistant Professor, Department of Politics and IR, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Inamullah Jan
    Lecturer, Department of Politics and IR, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Sumaira Akram
    Independent Researcher
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10 - Situating Women in Trauma of War: An Analysis of Baghdad Burning: A Blog from an

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).10
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).10      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The paper deals with situating women in war trauma in Baghdad Burning Volume 2, a girl's blog from Iraq. In the current study, the researcher attempts to reveal the rising of fundamentalism in Iraq after the war. The objective of this study is to safeguard the rights and honour of women after traumatic experiences. The study explores whether the unlashed media is doing its duties truthfully or it ... Details

    Fundamentalism, Unlashed Media, Traumatic Experiences

    (1) Qurat ul Ain
    Assistant Professor, Department of History and Pakistan Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Saima Anwar
    Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Shumaila Rafiq
    Lecturer, Department of Political Science & International Relations, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
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11 - Ethno-Nationalism: Theories and the Dynamics of the Demand for the New Federatin

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).11
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).11      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    Ethnicity has been not only the source of diversity but also social and political tensions across the globe. The socio-economic and political alienation and sense of deprivation trigger ethnonationalism that manifests itself into different forms and manifestations ranging from armed struggles to political movements. The failure to establish a vibrant and pluralist society with social and economic ... Details

    Ethno-Nationalism, Sub-Nationalism, Primordialism, Language, Constructivism Religion, Instrumentalism, Re-demarcation and Re-organization

    (1) Muhammad Shoaib Malik
    Associate Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Language (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Azhar Mahmood Abbasi
    Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Language (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Umair Arshad
    MPhil. Scholar, Department of Education, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan.
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12 - A Comparative Study of Students' Perceptions about Career Options in Art & Desig

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).12
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).12      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This research aims to examine secondary and higher secondary students' perceptions about career options related to Art & Design studies. A comparative study approach is conducted between the secondary and higher secondary students who opted for Art & Design and the prospective students of Art & Design. Each data set includes 200 respondents from both types of students, making a data se... Details

    Career Choices, Employment Opportunities, Art & Design Students, Pakistan, Art & Design Study

    (1) Gouhar Pirzada
    CEO, STEP Institute of Arts, Design and Management, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Fariha Gul
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Abdullah Mahmood
    MPhil Scholar, Institute of Administrative Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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13 - Socio-Economic Dimensions of China Pakistan Economic Corridor and Indian Reserva

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).13
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).13      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    China Pakistan Economic Corridor is a receptacle of territorial connectivity focusing on the significance of the geo strategic location of Pakistan. Pakistan and China have embarked on their best to implement the project to be triumphant in the concatenation of South Asia. The main bureaus that it encompasses are an integrated conveyance and I.T. network entailing Rail, Road, and data transmission... Details

    CPEC, South Asia, Socio-Economic Development, Regional Integration

    (1) Muhammad Shoaib
    Ph.D. Scholar, Shandong University, China. Visiting faculty member, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Noor Jehan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan
    (3) Qamar uz Zaman
    College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.
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14 - Ruling Elites and Rational Democracy: An Analysis of Political System of Pakista

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).14
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).14      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This descriptive and analytical study aims to explore the ideology of ruling elites in Pakistan. Throughout the political and constitutional history of Pakistan, the governments, whether civilian or military, seem reluctant to politically mobilize the masses. The evolution of rational-democratic development in the country was tempered with undemocratic forces. Governing elite's lofty claims for th... Details

    Politics, Ruling Elites, Inclusive Ideology, Civilians, Military Regimes

    (1) Muhammad Ikramullah Khan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (IUB), Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Muhammad Shafiq
    Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (IUB), Punjab, Pakistan
    (3) Alia Tasleem
    PhD Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University (BZU) Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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15 - Exploring the Influence of Anxiety on the Use of Language Learning Strategies: A

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).15
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).15      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The objectives of the current study were to examine the overall language learning strategies used by Pakistani intermediate level students, to discover the difference of anxiety level, difference of LLS use of the participants and to find out the interaction of anxiety on the use of LLS. 391 students of intermediate level belonging to Bahawalpur (Pakistan) were the participants of the study. The d... Details

    Cognitive, Metacognitive, Compensation, Test Anxiety, and Fear of Negative Evaluation

    (1) Abdul Khaliq
    Assistant Professor, Department of Social and Allied Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Rasheed Ahmad
    Visiting Lecturer, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
    (3) Noor ul Ain
    Lecturer, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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16 - Role of University-Industry Linkages and Its Impact on Innovation: Evidence from

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).16
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).16      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This paper analyses the barriers to University-Industry linkages in Pakistan and the significance of these linkages towards innovation outcomes of the firms. We used primary data collected by a questionnaire survey named "innovation survey 2013- 2014"from 200 firms (manufacturing/services) of Pakistan. Inspiration of the study has been taken from the theoretical grounds of the national innovation ... Details

    Absorptive Capacity; University-industry Linkages; Innovation Players

    (1) Tahira Waryyam
    PhD Scholar/Faculty Member, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Bilal Mirza
    Associate Professor, Faculty of Business Administration, Iqra University Islamabad, Pakistan
    (3) Abdul Waheed
    Assistant Professor, Business School, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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17 - Parental Involvement in Behavior Formation of Children: A Study on Primary Schoo

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).17
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).17      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This study was conducted to explore the parental involvement in behavior formation of children in Azad Jammu and Kashmir.The study was descriptive in nature, and survey method was used to collect the data. The population of the study consisted of 241 teachers working at Government primary schools of Tehsil Nakyal AJ And K. universal sampling technique was applied because the population was quite m... Details

    Behavior, Behavior Formation, Development, Parental Involvement

    (1) Nazir Haider Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
    (2) Muhammad Naqeeb ul Khalil Shaheen
    Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
    (3) Neelofer Sitara
    M.Phil Scholar, Department of Education, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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18 - Impact of Socio Religious Programs on Viewers: A Case Study of Qutab Online

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).18
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).18      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The media has a significant impact and influence on society, as well as on its thinking and behavioral elements, among other things. Around the globe, television has long served as a primary means of receiving and disseminating information. Television program shave a direct influence on our behavior, perceptions, and perspectives. Over the years in Pakistan, religious programs have grown in popula... Details

    Mass Media, Television Channels, Religious Programs, Impact, Viewers

    (1) Rao Shahid Mahmood
    Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Arsha Saleem Meer
    Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan/PhD Scholar, CMCS, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Irem Sultana
    Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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19 - Impact of Reading Habits of Students on the Self- regulated Learning at Universi

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).19
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).19      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The ability to read is the key to gaining knowledge. Reading in today's world is dependent on a person's ability to properly and effectively perceive an electronic or printed material. The constructive features and self-motivating talents of self-regulated pupils help to set them apart from other peers. The aim of the study was to explore the impact of reading habits of students on the self-regula... Details

    Self-regulated Learning, Reading Habits, Students' Achievement

    (1) Muhammad Naveed Khalid
    Resource Person, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Shahbaz Ahmad
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Anees-ul-Hasnain Shah
    Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Lahore, DG Khan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
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20 - Digitalization of Politics; Deconstructing the Role of (Social) Media in Democra

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).20
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).20      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This paper attempts to investigate how the media has constructed, deconstructed, and influenced fundamental questions about democracy in Pakistan-considering how democratic ideals might provide a framework for understanding and shaping modern digital media transformation. The study of the digitalization of politics looks into how modern societies make sense of and shape the digital transformation.... Details

    Pakistan, Democracy, Governance, Digital Media, Society

    (1) Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad Siddiqui
    Chairman, Department of International Relations, Emerson University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Imran Pasha
    Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Kanwar Muhammad Yasir Furqan
    Ph. D Scholar, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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21 - Teachers' Perceptions about the Use of Information Communication Technologies (I

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).21
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).21      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This research is aimed at investigating the perceptions of English language teachers pertaining to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in second language learning. The availability of ICT resources in institutions and their application by the teachers in English Language Teaching (ELT) class was also kept in focus in this study. The use of technology has undoubtedly brough... Details

    Land Reforms, Goals, Land Reforms Measures, Land Distribution, South Africa and Zimbabwe

    (1) Rehan Muhammad
    Lecturer, Department of English, Emerson University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Shahid Nawaz
    Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
    (3) Muhammad Hammad Hussain Shah
    PhD Scholar in English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
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22 - Contractual Stipulations Under Classic Islamic Law and Current Marriage Contract

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).22
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).22      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This article focuses on stipulations in a Muslim marriage contract with reference to the case of the United States of America(USA). Under classical Islamic work, the majority of Jurists (Jamhur) classify those stipulations as valid or invalid. Valid stipulations are permissible because those promote the objectives of the marriage contract. Invalid stipulations are prohibited for their inconsistenc... Details

    Marriage, Contract, Stipulations, Classical Jurists, Additional Conditions, Women Empowerment

    (1) Sardar M.A. Waqar Khan Arif
    Assistant Professor of Law, Department of Law, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
    (2) Syed Mudasser Fida Gardazi
    Assistant Professor of Law, Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
    (3) Nafees Ahmed Khan
    Lecturer in Law, Department of Law, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
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23 - Effects of Job Market Demand on Higher Education in Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).23
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).23      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The research report also includes officials' recommendations, such as universities taking the lead in engaging with industry to reconcile education and training in a mutually beneficial manner in order to avoid the grim prospect of unemployment. This would also serve as a two-way information channel, with students learning about possible employers and their needs and companies learning about their... Details

    Job Market Demand, Higher Education, Punjab, Pakistan

    (1) Nilo Far
    PhD Scholar in Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Akhtar Ali
    Dean, Faculty of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
    (3) Anita Shuja
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
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24 - Instagram Usage and Watching What Others are Doing:A Case Study of Lahore City

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).24
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).24      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    Instagram usage and its effects on the self-perception of university students in Lahore were investigated. The effects of its use on the self-perception of university students have been found through quantitative research design using survey method. Multistage sampling was utilized for the selection of the sample. In the first stage, the sample was selected from three universities. In the second s... Details

    Social Media, Satisfaction, Self-Comparison, Beauty Ideals

    (1) Saadia Anwar Pasha
    Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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25 - China's Policy in Afghanistan: Internal Factors Shaping Developments

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).25
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).25      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    Since Xi Jinping assumed the presidency, his ambitions for China to be at aa prominent place in the world have accelerated China's diplomatic engagement with the neighboring countries. Before Afghanistan came on the Chinese radar, it was the low priority area as far as China's economic, political, social, and cultural relations were concerned. Now, China's emerging economic profile requires it to ... Details

    Afghanistan, China, BRI, Xi Jinping, New Neighborhood Polic

    (1) Muhammad Nauman Akhter
    PhD International Politics, Shandong University, China.
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26 - Redefining Greece in 2021: An Overview of the New Government's Plan to Revive Gr

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).26
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).26      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This article aims to provide an overview of the two programs designed by the current Greek government to revive the country and prepare it for the 21st Century. Both plans, "Greece 2021" and "Greece 2.0" comprise four pillars outlining a wide range of programs to be implemented between 2021 and 2026. The first pillar of "Greece 2021" aims to highlight the significance of the events that led to the... Details

    Greece 2021, Greece 2.0, Window of Opportunity, Greek Legacy, Modern Greek State, War of Independence 1821, Two hundred (200) Years Modern Greece, Digital Transition, Green Transition

    (1) Ali Rafi
    PhD Candidate, Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
    (2) Kaneez Fatima
    Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
    (3) Jabbar Ali
    PhD Candidate, Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
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27 - An Overview of Geographical Status of Kashmir under Shamiri Dynasty (1339-1554)

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).27
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).27      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The foundation of the Sultanate in Kashmir was laid by Shah Mir in 1339 AD, and for 216 years this family ruled over Kashmir, which is known as the imperial period in the history of Kashmir. This period was a blessing for Kashmirs, as they were victims of oppressive rule and political instability in the last period of Hindu rule. Shahmir abolished arbitrary taxes as soon as he took over the govern... Details

    Kashmir, Shahmiri Dynasty, Geographical Status, Shahb-ud-Din, Zainul Abidin

    (1) Amar Jahangir
    Junior Lecturer Kashmir Studies, Institute of Kashmir Studies, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Unsa Jamshad
    Assistant Professor Pakitan Studies, Department of History and Pakistan Studies, Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Bagh, Pakistan
    (3) Anbrin Khawaja
    Assistant Professor, Kashmir Studies, Institute of Kashmir Studies, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.
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28 - A Critical Analysis of the Role of Economic Corridors in the Rise of China in As

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).28
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).28      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    The purpose of this research study was to critically analyze the plans of China to develop its economy by connecting itself with the rest of the world through roads network. For this purpose, qualitative research was adopted in which secondary sources were taken. The literature available was thoroughly reviewed, and an interpretive analysis technique was used to analyze and reach a conclusion. The... Details

    Rise of China, Interpretivist Approach, Corridors, and Critical Analysis

    (1) Ali Raza Mahesar
    M.Phil Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Pervaiz Ali Mahesar
    Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
    (3) Sajida Parveen
    Professor, College of Management, PAF KIET, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
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29 - Hybridity for Survivance: A Postcolonial Reading of Sherman Alexie's Flight

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).29
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).29      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This study looks into the assimilation and hybridization of Natives in Euro-American culture in Sherman Alexie’s Flight (2007). The study reveals that the hybridization of Native Americans is the ultimate consequence of innate resistance against abuse and marginalization in the post-contact world. The study endorses survival/endurance proximity, as suggested by Gerald Vizenor. The selected w... Details

    Hybridity, Identity, Self, Assimilation, Survivance, Native Americans

    (1) Fauzia Amin
    PhD Scholar, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Ain Fatima
    Lecturer in English, the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Maliha Sarfraz
    Associate Professor, Government Graduate College (W), Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan.
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30 - The Islamic Headscarf: A threat to Secularity, Modernity, and Integration

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).30
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).30      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    No other piece of cloth has ever caused this much debate as the headscarf. This paper examines the headscarf debate in three European countries i.e., France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Firstly, the headscarf affair depicts different state policies developed and implemented by three countries, to integrate the Muslim immigrants. Secondly, an analysis of different approaches used by these coun... Details

    Islamic Headscarf, Europe, Secularism, Modernity, Integration

    (1) Tayyaba Batool Tahir
    Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Rafida Nawaz
    Assistant professor, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
    (3) Muqarrab Akbar
    Chairman, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
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31 - Analysis of Punctuation Marks and Diction in the Essay 'Oxford in the Vacation'

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).31
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).31      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    This paper deals with the punctuation and the choice of words used in the essay, 'Oxford in the Vacation' written by Charles Lamb. The research regarding punctuation marks has been limited to dash, comma, parenthesis, colon, semicolon, and exclamation mark.The undertaken study aims at the standard usage of these marks and looks at how Lamb has used all of these in his essay under the question has ... Details

    Essays of Elia, Oxford in the Vacations, Charles Lamb, Punctuation Marks

    (1) Farooq Shah
    Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Altaf
    Subject Specialist, Elementary and Secondary Education Department, KP.
    (3) Faizan Khan
    M.Phil Scholar, University of Hull, UK.
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32 - Traditional Houses of Neelum Valley of Azad Jammu and Kashmir: Architecture and

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).32
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).32      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    Neelum valley is one of the most attractive and beautiful valleys of Pakistan, which is becoming an emerging tourist destination. Being a remote area, tourism resources are well preserved, but under the influence of technology and some other factors, some rapid changes in the natural and cultural resources are occurring. The current study is an attempt to analyze the potential of traditional house... Details

    Traditional Houses, Neelum Valley, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Architecture, Homestay Tourism

    (1) Adnan Anwar
    Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan
    (2) Anas Mahmud Arif
    Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Hazara University Manshera, KP, Pakistan
    (3) Shahid Mansoor Khan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, University of Engineering and Technology, Abbottabad Campus, KP, Pakistan.
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33 - Rehabilitation and Revitalization of Slum Area: A Case Study of Tower Market Hyd

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).33
10.31703/grr.2021(VI-II).33      Published : Jun 2021

Abstract

    Slum improvement is viewed as an efficient way to combat urban poverty. Through the survey at Tower market Hyderabad,it is determined that the site which is chosen to be reported is severely damaged due to urban encroachment. This factor is influencing the legal area by illegal means, and the need to rehabilitate. Lack of monitoring and gradually increasing population plus migration and other grow... Details

    Rehabilitation, Slum, Hyderabad, Tower Market, Sindh

    (1) Hina Marvi
    Department of Architecture and Planning, Shaheed Allah Buksh University of Art, Design, and Heritages, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Mehnaz Soomro
    Department of Architecture and Planning, Shaheed Allah Buksh University of Art, Design, and Heritages, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Gopal Das
    Department of City and Regional Planning, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
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