(286 Views)

1-Shafqat Rasool: PhD. Scholar, Department of Political Science and IR, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
2-Sultan Mubariz Khan: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and IR, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan

Tehreek-e-Taliban Swat (TTS) emerged as a formidable challenge for the Pakistani administration in Swat. It was able to launch a successful insurgency in Swat within a very short period.It was very surprising for the political observers that insurgency got considerable public support in a limited period. TTS touched the climax of strength when it was able to get administrative control of the Swat area. The leadership of TTS used modern tools and tactics i.e. FM radio to propagate its program.A private militia (Shaheen Force) was also organized to launch the armed struggle. Local police and Frontier Constabulary (FC) became ineffective in maintaining the administrative control of the Government of Pakistan. The study investigates how TTS was able to become so powerful in Swat. It isan analysis of the factors responsible for the rise and augmentation of TTS under the leadership of Fazalullah. The purpose of the study is to develop a scholarly understanding of the ideological foundation and strategy of TTS. This study is explanatory in its nature. The explanation is based upon the qualitative interpretation of the actions, policies, and strategies adopted by the leadership of TTS.

    (118 Views)

1-Sumaira Yasmeen: MPhil. Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
2-Ashraf Iqbal: In charge, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
3-Sana Haroon: Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.

The principal ulterior motive of this research was to break down the essential content of news editorials considering the details of Arab- Israel relations by a different newspaper. This circumstantial research appraised how much and in which direction diligence was paid to Arab- Israel relations news in the editorial of these newspapers. To delve into the status of Arab- Israel relations in the editorials of elite newspapers, content dissection was conducted. Two theories, the first agenda-setting theory and the second framing theory, were taken as a frame of current research. The determination of detailed results of this study concluded that most of the newspaper contents bounced on the Arab- Israel conflict/crisis and Israel latterly a pperception by Arabs that were highly addressed in the given time period. Conclusion of the quarter editorials summed up the multiple viewpoints. 2/3 of all editorials altercate the nonscientific affirmation. Tehran times had content that was contemptible of scientific affirmation. On the other hand, "The Washington Post" showed more addiction to focus the Arab- Israel relations.

    (7290 Views)

1-Zahid Anwar: Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
2-S. Zubair Shah: Ph.D. Scholar,Department of Political Science,University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.

Pakistan has been following the prison system of the British Empire. The Pakistani prison system has gone through many changes. Efforts have been made to bring the prison system in Pakistan in conformity with the modern prison system. The restoration of democracy in Pakistan has paved the way for further reforms in the prison system. Many suggestions have been forwarded to the authorities and have been requested for the modification of the inside condition of Pakistani jails. The data for this paper have been collected from Human Rights Organization/ Council of Pakistan, Islamic Ideological Council and jail training institute Lahore. The research under focus is an attempt to explore prison reforms in Pakistan in historical perspective and put forward suggestions to in tune the prison system in Pakistan with International standard.

    (6267 Views)

1-Arsalan Ahmad Khan: MPhil Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
2-Saranjam Baig: Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.
3-Abid Hussain: Lecturer,Department of Economics,Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.

This research has two objectives. First, it explores the spending patterns of the households who receive monetary compensation for their land that government takes over for initiating national projects; in our case, it is about building the countrys largest dam. Second, it examines what we call the demonstration effects. Literature abounds with cases examining behaviors of internally displaced individuals while the opposite is true for the compensated displaced households. This is the backdrop, this research carried out a field survey to collect data for 192 households. The compensation received is divided into communal land compensation and private land compensation. In line with arguments with the Keynesian consumption function that provides the theoretical foundation to our empirical work, findings suggest a positive and significant correlation between spending patterns and private land compensation while the communal compensation appears to be insignificant. Education and one out of two demonstration effects have positive influence on spending behaviors.

    (54 Downloads)

1-Afsheen Masood: Assistant Professor, Institute of Applied Psychology,University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
2-Muhammad Sulman: PhD Scholar, School of Media & Communication Studies,University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
3-Arooj Arshad: Lecturer, School of Creative Arts, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

This study propounds to examine the dynamics of relationship among emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, and self-efficacy and work-family conflict in female lawyers. Correlational Cross-sectional research design was implicated in this research in order to test the hypothesis that emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and job satisfaction are likely to predict work-family conflict in young female lawyers. The sample comprised of n= 200 female lawyers, age ranging between 30-50 years, recruited from the civil and high court of Lahore, Pakistan. SPSS 23.0 was used to execute analyses that revealed that emotional intelligence was somehow having negative relationship with work-family conflict yet positively associated with self-efficacy. Findings of linear regression analysis divulge that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy are significant negative predictors of work-family conflict. Results from the current research provide insight for future researchers in seeking line of further inquiry on psychosocial dynamics of work-family life patterns of female lawyers.

    (45 Downloads)

1-Arsalan Ahmad Khan: MPhil Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
2-Saranjam Baig: Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.
3-Abid Hussain: Lecturer,Department of Economics,Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.

This research has two objectives. First, it explores the spending patterns of the households who receive monetary compensation for their land that government takes over for initiating national projects; in our case, it is about building the countrys largest dam. Second, it examines what we call the demonstration effects. Literature abounds with cases examining behaviors of internally displaced individuals while the opposite is true for the compensated displaced households. This is the backdrop, this research carried out a field survey to collect data for 192 households. The compensation received is divided into communal land compensation and private land compensation. In line with arguments with the Keynesian consumption function that provides the theoretical foundation to our empirical work, findings suggest a positive and significant correlation between spending patterns and private land compensation while the communal compensation appears to be insignificant. Education and one out of two demonstration effects have positive influence on spending behaviors.