(47 Views)

1-Sana Shuja Ahmad Khan: MPhil Scholar, Business School, University of Central Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan
2-Syed Arslan Haider: MPhil Scholar, Business School, University of Central Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan
3-Anita Shuja: Visiting Lecturer, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.

The purpose of this study is to determine the drivers of social entrepreneurship in a developing country. Institutional theory is applied to check the impact of different institutions on social entrepreneurship intentions in Pakistan. For this purpose, three independent variables: coercive environment, normative environment, and cognitive environment have been used, and the dependent variable is social entrepreneurship intention. Perceived feasibility has been taken as a mediating variable. A sample of 357 is selected, and data has been collected through questionnaires surveys from different university students of Pakistan. Data analysis is done through descriptive analysis. Nvivo 20 is used to explore the future paradigms of social entrepreneurship in Pakistan. The results of his study indicated that cognitive environment and perceived feasibility have direct and significant relation with social entrepreneurship intentions, perceived feasibility doesn't mediate the relationship between dependent and independent variables.

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1-Muhammad Hanif: MS Scholar, Institute of Management Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
2-Saubia Ramzan: Professor, Faculty of Management Sciences, Business and Information Technology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
3-Muzammila Akram: Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.

The term "Entrepreneurial University" has prominent attention in the western world after the "Triple Helix Model" presented by Leydesdorff and Etzkowitz where it shaped the research outcomes in the form of patents, marketable brands, products and services that paved the way for traditional universities to transform into entrepreneurial university and the higher education institutions became self-sufficient in monetary terms and contribute to the economic growth of the nations. Though there are remarkable acceptance for this concept and many western higher education institutions, developed Asian countries and their universities benefited from transforming their research into valued monetary research while less developed countries still struggling in this direction to transform their higher education institutions as "Entrepreneurial University". The current paper presents the concept of entrepreneurial university in the less developed world, i.e. Pakistan and especially the case of Balochistan province. The research is qualitative in nature using thematic analysis through a semi-structured interview method and questionnaires to corroborate the responses. Six main themes emerged from data that include i. perception of entrepreneurial university ii. human development to technology development iii. entrepreneurial skills for academia iv. SOPs to transform research into innovation. v. regionally developed brands. vi. collaboration & communication with the private sector..

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1-Muhammad Muzaffar: Ph. D ScholarDepartment of Political Science,International Islamic University Islamabad.
2-Zahid Yaseen: Lecturer,Department of Political Science,Govt. Post Graduate College, Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan.
3-Uroosa Ishfaq: Junior Research Fellow,Humanity Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Pakistan is a state like other states of the world. When it came out from the British net the initial stages were very tough for it. It was considered that it will rejoin India. But the administration of that time took sincere initiatives to manage the affairs gradually. Cold war started at that time between the Communist and Capitalist blocks. Newly established states joined one of them. Pakistan was also one of them. Its foreign policy principles, rules and regulations are highlighted in this paper. All these steps are discussed below gradually with the help of primary and secondary sources. It is concluded that Pakistan had no choice to join the capitalist block because of its financial position that forced it to take such decisions as compared to India. But security and sovereignty were never compromised in every era and at every stage.

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1-Arsalan Ahmad Khan: MPhil Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
2-Saranjam Baig: Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.
3-Abid Hussain: Lecturer,Department of Economics,Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.

This research has two objectives. First, it explores the spending patterns of the households who receive monetary compensation for their land that government takes over for initiating national projects; in our case, it is about building the countrys largest dam. Second, it examines what we call the demonstration effects. Literature abounds with cases examining behaviors of internally displaced individuals while the opposite is true for the compensated displaced households. This is the backdrop, this research carried out a field survey to collect data for 192 households. The compensation received is divided into communal land compensation and private land compensation. In line with arguments with the Keynesian consumption function that provides the theoretical foundation to our empirical work, findings suggest a positive and significant correlation between spending patterns and private land compensation while the communal compensation appears to be insignificant. Education and one out of two demonstration effects have positive influence on spending behaviors.

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1-Afsheen Masood: Assistant Professor, Institute of Applied Psychology,University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
2-Muhammad Sulman: PhD Scholar, School of Media & Communication Studies,University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
3-Arooj Arshad: Lecturer, School of Creative Arts, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

This study propounds to examine the dynamics of relationship among emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, and self-efficacy and work-family conflict in female lawyers. Correlational Cross-sectional research design was implicated in this research in order to test the hypothesis that emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and job satisfaction are likely to predict work-family conflict in young female lawyers. The sample comprised of n= 200 female lawyers, age ranging between 30-50 years, recruited from the civil and high court of Lahore, Pakistan. SPSS 23.0 was used to execute analyses that revealed that emotional intelligence was somehow having negative relationship with work-family conflict yet positively associated with self-efficacy. Findings of linear regression analysis divulge that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy are significant negative predictors of work-family conflict. Results from the current research provide insight for future researchers in seeking line of further inquiry on psychosocial dynamics of work-family life patterns of female lawyers.

    (45 Downloads)

1-Arsalan Ahmad Khan: MPhil Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
2-Saranjam Baig: Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.
3-Abid Hussain: Lecturer,Department of Economics,Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.

This research has two objectives. First, it explores the spending patterns of the households who receive monetary compensation for their land that government takes over for initiating national projects; in our case, it is about building the countrys largest dam. Second, it examines what we call the demonstration effects. Literature abounds with cases examining behaviors of internally displaced individuals while the opposite is true for the compensated displaced households. This is the backdrop, this research carried out a field survey to collect data for 192 households. The compensation received is divided into communal land compensation and private land compensation. In line with arguments with the Keynesian consumption function that provides the theoretical foundation to our empirical work, findings suggest a positive and significant correlation between spending patterns and private land compensation while the communal compensation appears to be insignificant. Education and one out of two demonstration effects have positive influence on spending behaviors.