MODIS STRATEGIC CONCERNS AND CHINAS BELT ROAD IMITATIVE BRI A REALIST PERSPECTIVE

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-I).15      10.31703/grr.2021(VI-I).15      Published : Mar 1
Authored by : Shabnam Gul , Muhammad Faizan Asghar , Iram Naseer Ahmed

15 Pages : 136-144

References

  • ACCA Global. (2017, July). The Belt and Road initiative: reshaping the global value chain. https://www.accaglobal.com/gb/en/professi onal-insights/global-economics/the-belt-androad-initiative.html
  • Andrea, A. J. (2014). The silk road in world history: a review essay. Asian Review of World Histories, 2(1), 105-127. https://doi.org/10.12773/arwh.2014.2.1.10 5
  • Arora, R. (2015, June 18). New Silk Route? China plans Kunming-Kolkata railway link. The Economic Times.
  • Baron, H. (1961). Machiavelli: the republican citizen and the author of'The Prince'. The English Historical Review, 76(299), 217-253.
  • Baruah, D. M. (2018, August 21). India's Answer to the Belt and Road: A Road Map for South Asia. Carnegie India. https://carnegieindia.org/2018/08/21/indias-answer-to-belt-and-road-road-map-for-southasia-pub-77071
  • Baruah, D. M., & Mohan, C. R. (2018). Connectivity and regional integration: Prospects for SinoIndian cooperation. In Rethinking the Silk Road (pp. 85-98). Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Behera, N. C. (2007). Demystifying Kashmir. Brookings Institution Press.
  • Bremzen, A. V. (2019, October 11). On the Modern Silk Road, Discover the Colors and Characters of Uzbekistan. AFAR. https://www.afar.com/magazine/on-the-modernsilk-road-discover-uzbekistans-colors-and-characters
  • Campbell, K. M., & O'Hanlon, M. E. (2006). Hard power: The new politics of national security. Basic Books (AZ)
  • Chacko, P. (2013). Indian foreign policy: the politics of postcolonial identity from 1947 to 2004. Routledge.
  • Chandra, V. (2017). Modi government and changing patterns in Indian foreign policy. Jadavpur Journal of International Relations, 21(2), 98-117. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973598417731 241
  • Cheng, D. (2010). China's view of South Asia and the Indian Ocean. Heritage Lectures, 1163(18). http://thf_media.s3.amazonaws.com/2010/p df/hl1163.pdf
  • Cheong, D. (2018, March 26). China needs 'new narrative' for Belt and Road Initiative for it to reap dividends, says economist. The Straits Times.
  • Craig, L. H. (2013). The Platonian Leviathan. University of Toronto Press.
  • Crane, G. (1998). Thucydides and the ancient simplicity: The limits of political realism. University of California Press.
  • Djankov, S., & Miner, S. (Eds.). (2016). China's Belt and Road Initiative: motives, scope, and challenges. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
  • Forde, S. (1992). Varieties of realism: Thucydides and Machiavelli. The Journal of Politics, 54(2), 372-393.
  • Forde, S. (1995). International realism and the science of politics: Thucydides, Machiavelli, and neorealism. International Studies Quarterly, 39(2), 141-160. https://doi.org/10.2307/2600844
  • Garofano, J., & Dew, A. J. (Eds.). (2013). Deep currents and rising tides: The Indian Ocean and international security. Georgetown University Press.
  • Garst, D. (1989). Thucydides and neorealism. International Studies Quarterly, 33(1), 3-27. https://doi.org/10.2307/2600491
  • Gauthier, D. P. (1969). The logic of Leviathan: the moral and political theory of Thomas Hobbes. Oxford University Press.
  • Gupta, A. K., Govindarajan, V., & Wang, H. (2008). The quest for global dominance: Transforming global presence into global competitive advantage. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hall, I. (2016). Multialignment and Indian foreign policy under Narendra Modi. The Round Table, 105(3), 271-286. https://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2016.118 0760
  • Hall, I. (2019). Modi and the reinvention of Indian foreign policy. Policy Press.
  • Hulliung, M. (2017). Citizen Machiavelli. Routledge.
  • Ikenberry, G. J. (2011). Liberal Leviathan: The origins, crisis, and transformation of the American world order. Princeton University Press.
  • Izuyama, M., & Kurita, M. (2017). East Asian Strategic Review. Nids.jp. http://www.nids.mod.go.jp/english/publicati on/east-asian/index.html
  • Jamal, N. (2016, January 11). CPEC Triggered Investment. Dawn News.
  • Kahandawaarachchi, T. (2015). Politics of ports: China's investments in Pakistan, Sri Lanka & Bangladesh [Master's Thesis, University of Washington]. Research Work Achieves. https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchwo rks/handle/1773/33536
  • Kaplan, R. D. (2009). Center stage for the twentyfirst century: power plays in the Indian Ocean. Foreign Affairs, 88(2),16-32.
  • Kaplan, R. D. (2011). Monsoon: The Indian Ocean and the future of American power. Random House Incorporated.
  • Kaplan, R. D. (2013). The revenge of geography: What the map tells us about coming conflicts and the battle against fate. Random House Trade Paperbacks.
  • Karnad, B. (2018). Staggering Forward: Narendra Modi and India's Global Ambition. Penguin Random House India Private Limited
  • Khalid, I. (2013). Indian Ocean: Global and Regional Strategies. Journal of Political Studies, 20(2), 21.
  • Khan, Z. A. (2012). China's Gwadar and India's Chahbahar. Strategic Studies, 32, 79-101.
  • Khetran, M. S. (2018). Gwadar and Chabahar. Strategic Studies, 38(2), 43-55.
  • Krishnan, A. (2018, November 30). The other G20 meeting: can Xi and Modi solve the China-India border paradox? The Week in Asia. https://www.scmp.com/weekasia/geopolitics/article/2175679/ other-g20- meeting-can-xi-and-modi-solve-china-indiaborder
  • Kulkarni, S. (2017, May 25). BJP's Belt and Road myopia. The Indian Express.
  • Lebow, R. N. (2001). Thucydides the constructivist. American Political Science Review, 95(3), 547-560. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000305540100311 2
  • Lehr, P. (2002). The Challenge of Security in the Indian Ocean in the 21st Century: Plus ça change...?. Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics, (13). 1-24. https://doi.org/10.11588/hpsap.2002.13.218 1
  • Lim, T. W., Lim, W. X., Chan, H. H. L., & Tseng, K. H. Y. (2016). China's one belt one road initiative. World Scientific.
  • Machiavelli, N. (1982). The prince and the discourses. Modern Library.
  • Machiavelli, N. (1983). The Discourses. Penguin Classics.
  • Machiavelli, N. (2009). Discourses on livy. University of Chicago Press.
  • Machiavelli, N., & Atkinson, J. B. (2008). The Prince (Atkinson Edition). Hackett Publishing.
  • Marsh. C., & Dreyer, J. T. (2003). U.S.-China Relations in the Twenty-First Century: Policies, Prospects and Possibilities. Lexington Books.
  • Michel, D. (2012, September 26). Indian Ocean Rising: Maritime Security and Policy Challenges. Stimson. https://www.stimson.org/2012/indianocean-rising-maritime-security-and-policychallenges/
  • Ministry of the Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. (2013, September). President Xi Jinping Delivers Important Speech and Proposes to Build a Silk Road Economic Belt with Central Asian Countries. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_ 665678/xjpfwzysiesgjtfhshzzfh_665686/t1076 334.shtml
  • Morgenthau, H. J. (2004). Political theory and international affairs: Hans J. Morgenthau on Aristotle's The Politics. Greenwood Publishing Group.
  • Morghentau, H. (1973). Politics among nations: the struggle for power and peace. New York: alfred Knopf. Inc.
  • Mukherjee, K. (2014). The South Asian association for regional cooperation: problems and prospects. Progress in Development Studies, 14(4), 373-381. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464993414521 524
  • Nye Jr, J. S. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. Public affairs.
  • Nye Jr, J. S. (2015). Is the American century over? John Wiley & Sons.
  • Pehrson, C. J. (2006). String of pearls: Meeting the challenge of China's rising power across the Asian littoral. Biblio Gov. Publishing.
  • Pillsbury, M. (2015). The Hundred-Year Marathon: China's Secret Strategy to Replace America as the Global Superpower. Henry Holt and Co.
  • Qingxin, L. (2006). Maritime Silk Road. China Press.
  • Rana, K. S. (2017). China's belt and road initiative (bri): implications, prospects & consequences: impact on india & its china diplomacy. ICS Occasional
  • Ruan, X., Bandara, Y. M., Lee, J. Y., Lee, P. T. W., & Chhetri, P. (2019). Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative in the Indian subcontinent under future port development scenarios. Maritime Policy & Management, 46(8), 905-919. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2019.159 4425
  • Sachdeva, G. (2016). India in a reconnecting Eurasia: Foreign economic and security interests. Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Sachdeva, G. (2018). Indian perceptions of the Chinese Belt and Road initiative. International Studies, 55(4), 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020881718807 359
  • Sahasrabuddhe, V. (2015, October 16). Speech by BJP national vice president, Dr Vinay Sahasrabuddhe at Asian political parties special conference on Silk Road, Beijing. Indian Council for Cultural Relations. https://www.iccr.gov.in/minister/dr-vinaysahasrabuddhe
  • Sakhuja, V., & Chan, J. (Eds.). (2016). China's maritime silk road and Asia. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd.
  • Schaffer, T. C. (2011). India next door, China over the horizon: The view from South Asia. Strategic Asia, 12, 285-310.
  • Sheppard, E. (2016). Limits to globalization: The disruptive geographies of capitalist development. Oxford University Press.
  • Sibal, K. (2017, June 07). The Belt and Road Forum: India Hits the Nail. Indian Defence Review. http://www.indiandefencereview.com/thebelt-and-road-forum-india-hits-the-nail/
  • Simbar, R., & Rezapour, D. (2020). Strategic Competitions between Powerful Countries in India-Oceania and Eurasia. Journal of Sepehre Siyasat, 7(24), 137-166.
  • Singh, S. (Ed.). (2017). Modi and the world:(Re) constructing Indian foreign policy. World Scientific
  • Small, A. (2014, January). Regional Dynamics and Strategic Concerns in South Asia: China's Role. Center for Strategic and International Studies. https://www.csis.org/files/publication/1401 27Small Regional DynamicsChina_Web.pdf
  • Spegele, R. D. (1996). Political Realism in International Theory. Cambridge University Press
  • Sreedhar, S. (2010). Hobbes on resistance: defying the Leviathan. Cambridge University Press
  • Tendulkar, L. S. (2012). Understanding Reforms: Post-1991 India. OUP Catalogue.
  • Tharoor, S. (2011). The Elephant, The Tiger and The Cell Phone: India, the Emerging 21st-Century Power. Arcade Publishing.
  • The World Financial Review. (2018, April). Betting Big on CPEC. Tiezzi, S. (2014, May 09). China's 'New Silk Road'Vision Revealed. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2014/05/chinasnew-silk-road-vision-revealed/
  • Wang, F. L. (2009). To Assess the Rise of China. Asia Policy, 8(1), 151-160.
  • Wenwen, W. (2018, November 29). CPEC defies skepticism to aid Pakistan's development. Global Times. https://worldfinancialreview.com/bettingbig-on-cpec/
  • Xing, Y. (2016). The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and China's role in regional economic governance. East Asian Policy, 8(02), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.1142/S179393051600017 9
  • Zhao, S. (Ed.). (2003). Chinese foreign policy: pragmatism and strategic behavior. ME Sharpe.
  • Zheng, Y., & Tok, S. K. (2007). Harmonious society and harmonious world: China's policy discourse under Hu Jintao. Briefing Series, 26, 1-12.
  • ACCA Global. (2017, July). The Belt and Road initiative: reshaping the global value chain. https://www.accaglobal.com/gb/en/professi onal-insights/global-economics/the-belt-androad-initiative.html
  • Andrea, A. J. (2014). The silk road in world history: a review essay. Asian Review of World Histories, 2(1), 105-127. https://doi.org/10.12773/arwh.2014.2.1.10 5
  • Arora, R. (2015, June 18). New Silk Route? China plans Kunming-Kolkata railway link. The Economic Times.
  • Baron, H. (1961). Machiavelli: the republican citizen and the author of'The Prince'. The English Historical Review, 76(299), 217-253.
  • Baruah, D. M. (2018, August 21). India's Answer to the Belt and Road: A Road Map for South Asia. Carnegie India. https://carnegieindia.org/2018/08/21/indias-answer-to-belt-and-road-road-map-for-southasia-pub-77071
  • Baruah, D. M., & Mohan, C. R. (2018). Connectivity and regional integration: Prospects for SinoIndian cooperation. In Rethinking the Silk Road (pp. 85-98). Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Behera, N. C. (2007). Demystifying Kashmir. Brookings Institution Press.
  • Bremzen, A. V. (2019, October 11). On the Modern Silk Road, Discover the Colors and Characters of Uzbekistan. AFAR. https://www.afar.com/magazine/on-the-modernsilk-road-discover-uzbekistans-colors-and-characters
  • Campbell, K. M., & O'Hanlon, M. E. (2006). Hard power: The new politics of national security. Basic Books (AZ)
  • Chacko, P. (2013). Indian foreign policy: the politics of postcolonial identity from 1947 to 2004. Routledge.
  • Chandra, V. (2017). Modi government and changing patterns in Indian foreign policy. Jadavpur Journal of International Relations, 21(2), 98-117. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973598417731 241
  • Cheng, D. (2010). China's view of South Asia and the Indian Ocean. Heritage Lectures, 1163(18). http://thf_media.s3.amazonaws.com/2010/p df/hl1163.pdf
  • Cheong, D. (2018, March 26). China needs 'new narrative' for Belt and Road Initiative for it to reap dividends, says economist. The Straits Times.
  • Craig, L. H. (2013). The Platonian Leviathan. University of Toronto Press.
  • Crane, G. (1998). Thucydides and the ancient simplicity: The limits of political realism. University of California Press.
  • Djankov, S., & Miner, S. (Eds.). (2016). China's Belt and Road Initiative: motives, scope, and challenges. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
  • Forde, S. (1992). Varieties of realism: Thucydides and Machiavelli. The Journal of Politics, 54(2), 372-393.
  • Forde, S. (1995). International realism and the science of politics: Thucydides, Machiavelli, and neorealism. International Studies Quarterly, 39(2), 141-160. https://doi.org/10.2307/2600844
  • Garofano, J., & Dew, A. J. (Eds.). (2013). Deep currents and rising tides: The Indian Ocean and international security. Georgetown University Press.
  • Garst, D. (1989). Thucydides and neorealism. International Studies Quarterly, 33(1), 3-27. https://doi.org/10.2307/2600491
  • Gauthier, D. P. (1969). The logic of Leviathan: the moral and political theory of Thomas Hobbes. Oxford University Press.
  • Gupta, A. K., Govindarajan, V., & Wang, H. (2008). The quest for global dominance: Transforming global presence into global competitive advantage. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hall, I. (2016). Multialignment and Indian foreign policy under Narendra Modi. The Round Table, 105(3), 271-286. https://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2016.118 0760
  • Hall, I. (2019). Modi and the reinvention of Indian foreign policy. Policy Press.
  • Hulliung, M. (2017). Citizen Machiavelli. Routledge.
  • Ikenberry, G. J. (2011). Liberal Leviathan: The origins, crisis, and transformation of the American world order. Princeton University Press.
  • Izuyama, M., & Kurita, M. (2017). East Asian Strategic Review. Nids.jp. http://www.nids.mod.go.jp/english/publicati on/east-asian/index.html
  • Jamal, N. (2016, January 11). CPEC Triggered Investment. Dawn News.
  • Kahandawaarachchi, T. (2015). Politics of ports: China's investments in Pakistan, Sri Lanka & Bangladesh [Master's Thesis, University of Washington]. Research Work Achieves. https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchwo rks/handle/1773/33536
  • Kaplan, R. D. (2009). Center stage for the twentyfirst century: power plays in the Indian Ocean. Foreign Affairs, 88(2),16-32.
  • Kaplan, R. D. (2011). Monsoon: The Indian Ocean and the future of American power. Random House Incorporated.
  • Kaplan, R. D. (2013). The revenge of geography: What the map tells us about coming conflicts and the battle against fate. Random House Trade Paperbacks.
  • Karnad, B. (2018). Staggering Forward: Narendra Modi and India's Global Ambition. Penguin Random House India Private Limited
  • Khalid, I. (2013). Indian Ocean: Global and Regional Strategies. Journal of Political Studies, 20(2), 21.
  • Khan, Z. A. (2012). China's Gwadar and India's Chahbahar. Strategic Studies, 32, 79-101.
  • Khetran, M. S. (2018). Gwadar and Chabahar. Strategic Studies, 38(2), 43-55.
  • Krishnan, A. (2018, November 30). The other G20 meeting: can Xi and Modi solve the China-India border paradox? The Week in Asia. https://www.scmp.com/weekasia/geopolitics/article/2175679/ other-g20- meeting-can-xi-and-modi-solve-china-indiaborder
  • Kulkarni, S. (2017, May 25). BJP's Belt and Road myopia. The Indian Express.
  • Lebow, R. N. (2001). Thucydides the constructivist. American Political Science Review, 95(3), 547-560. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000305540100311 2
  • Lehr, P. (2002). The Challenge of Security in the Indian Ocean in the 21st Century: Plus ça change...?. Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics, (13). 1-24. https://doi.org/10.11588/hpsap.2002.13.218 1
  • Lim, T. W., Lim, W. X., Chan, H. H. L., & Tseng, K. H. Y. (2016). China's one belt one road initiative. World Scientific.
  • Machiavelli, N. (1982). The prince and the discourses. Modern Library.
  • Machiavelli, N. (1983). The Discourses. Penguin Classics.
  • Machiavelli, N. (2009). Discourses on livy. University of Chicago Press.
  • Machiavelli, N., & Atkinson, J. B. (2008). The Prince (Atkinson Edition). Hackett Publishing.
  • Marsh. C., & Dreyer, J. T. (2003). U.S.-China Relations in the Twenty-First Century: Policies, Prospects and Possibilities. Lexington Books.
  • Michel, D. (2012, September 26). Indian Ocean Rising: Maritime Security and Policy Challenges. Stimson. https://www.stimson.org/2012/indianocean-rising-maritime-security-and-policychallenges/
  • Ministry of the Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. (2013, September). President Xi Jinping Delivers Important Speech and Proposes to Build a Silk Road Economic Belt with Central Asian Countries. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_ 665678/xjpfwzysiesgjtfhshzzfh_665686/t1076 334.shtml
  • Morgenthau, H. J. (2004). Political theory and international affairs: Hans J. Morgenthau on Aristotle's The Politics. Greenwood Publishing Group.
  • Morghentau, H. (1973). Politics among nations: the struggle for power and peace. New York: alfred Knopf. Inc.
  • Mukherjee, K. (2014). The South Asian association for regional cooperation: problems and prospects. Progress in Development Studies, 14(4), 373-381. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464993414521 524
  • Nye Jr, J. S. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. Public affairs.
  • Nye Jr, J. S. (2015). Is the American century over? John Wiley & Sons.
  • Pehrson, C. J. (2006). String of pearls: Meeting the challenge of China's rising power across the Asian littoral. Biblio Gov. Publishing.
  • Pillsbury, M. (2015). The Hundred-Year Marathon: China's Secret Strategy to Replace America as the Global Superpower. Henry Holt and Co.
  • Qingxin, L. (2006). Maritime Silk Road. China Press.
  • Rana, K. S. (2017). China's belt and road initiative (bri): implications, prospects & consequences: impact on india & its china diplomacy. ICS Occasional
  • Ruan, X., Bandara, Y. M., Lee, J. Y., Lee, P. T. W., & Chhetri, P. (2019). Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative in the Indian subcontinent under future port development scenarios. Maritime Policy & Management, 46(8), 905-919. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2019.159 4425
  • Sachdeva, G. (2016). India in a reconnecting Eurasia: Foreign economic and security interests. Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Sachdeva, G. (2018). Indian perceptions of the Chinese Belt and Road initiative. International Studies, 55(4), 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020881718807 359
  • Sahasrabuddhe, V. (2015, October 16). Speech by BJP national vice president, Dr Vinay Sahasrabuddhe at Asian political parties special conference on Silk Road, Beijing. Indian Council for Cultural Relations. https://www.iccr.gov.in/minister/dr-vinaysahasrabuddhe
  • Sakhuja, V., & Chan, J. (Eds.). (2016). China's maritime silk road and Asia. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd.
  • Schaffer, T. C. (2011). India next door, China over the horizon: The view from South Asia. Strategic Asia, 12, 285-310.
  • Sheppard, E. (2016). Limits to globalization: The disruptive geographies of capitalist development. Oxford University Press.
  • Sibal, K. (2017, June 07). The Belt and Road Forum: India Hits the Nail. Indian Defence Review. http://www.indiandefencereview.com/thebelt-and-road-forum-india-hits-the-nail/
  • Simbar, R., & Rezapour, D. (2020). Strategic Competitions between Powerful Countries in India-Oceania and Eurasia. Journal of Sepehre Siyasat, 7(24), 137-166.
  • Singh, S. (Ed.). (2017). Modi and the world:(Re) constructing Indian foreign policy. World Scientific
  • Small, A. (2014, January). Regional Dynamics and Strategic Concerns in South Asia: China's Role. Center for Strategic and International Studies. https://www.csis.org/files/publication/1401 27Small Regional DynamicsChina_Web.pdf
  • Spegele, R. D. (1996). Political Realism in International Theory. Cambridge University Press
  • Sreedhar, S. (2010). Hobbes on resistance: defying the Leviathan. Cambridge University Press
  • Tendulkar, L. S. (2012). Understanding Reforms: Post-1991 India. OUP Catalogue.
  • Tharoor, S. (2011). The Elephant, The Tiger and The Cell Phone: India, the Emerging 21st-Century Power. Arcade Publishing.
  • The World Financial Review. (2018, April). Betting Big on CPEC. Tiezzi, S. (2014, May 09). China's 'New Silk Road'Vision Revealed. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2014/05/chinasnew-silk-road-vision-revealed/
  • Wang, F. L. (2009). To Assess the Rise of China. Asia Policy, 8(1), 151-160.
  • Wenwen, W. (2018, November 29). CPEC defies skepticism to aid Pakistan's development. Global Times. https://worldfinancialreview.com/bettingbig-on-cpec/
  • Xing, Y. (2016). The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and China's role in regional economic governance. East Asian Policy, 8(02), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.1142/S179393051600017 9
  • Zhao, S. (Ed.). (2003). Chinese foreign policy: pragmatism and strategic behavior. ME Sharpe.
  • Zheng, Y., & Tok, S. K. (2007). Harmonious society and harmonious world: China's policy discourse under Hu Jintao. Briefing Series, 26, 1-12.

Cite this article

    APA : Gul, S., Asghar, M. F., & Ahmed, I. N. (2021). Modi's Strategic Concerns and China's Belt & Road Imitative (BRI): A Realist Perspective. Global Regional Review, VI(I), 136-144. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-I).15
    CHICAGO : Gul, Shabnam, Muhammad Faizan Asghar, and Iram Naseer Ahmed. 2021. "Modi's Strategic Concerns and China's Belt & Road Imitative (BRI): A Realist Perspective." Global Regional Review, VI (I): 136-144 doi: 10.31703/grr.2021(VI-I).15
    HARVARD : GUL, S., ASGHAR, M. F. & AHMED, I. N. 2021. Modi's Strategic Concerns and China's Belt & Road Imitative (BRI): A Realist Perspective. Global Regional Review, VI, 136-144.
    MHRA : Gul, Shabnam, Muhammad Faizan Asghar, and Iram Naseer Ahmed. 2021. "Modi's Strategic Concerns and China's Belt & Road Imitative (BRI): A Realist Perspective." Global Regional Review, VI: 136-144
    MLA : Gul, Shabnam, Muhammad Faizan Asghar, and Iram Naseer Ahmed. "Modi's Strategic Concerns and China's Belt & Road Imitative (BRI): A Realist Perspective." Global Regional Review, VI.I (2021): 136-144 Print.
    OXFORD : Gul, Shabnam, Asghar, Muhammad Faizan, and Ahmed, Iram Naseer (2021), "Modi's Strategic Concerns and China's Belt & Road Imitative (BRI): A Realist Perspective", Global Regional Review, VI (I), 136-144
    TURABIAN : Gul, Shabnam, Muhammad Faizan Asghar, and Iram Naseer Ahmed. "Modi's Strategic Concerns and China's Belt & Road Imitative (BRI): A Realist Perspective." Global Regional Review VI, no. I (2021): 136-144. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2021(VI-I).15