References
- PML-N. (2018). Economic Mismanagement. Business Recorder.
- Anderson, J.W. (1998). Pakistan Sets Off Nuclear Blasts. The Washington Post, May 29, 1998.
- Aslam, S. (1960). Pakistan Seeks Security. Longman.
- Asma, K. (2016). Perspective on Public Debt Sustainability, [SBP Staff Notes 04/16).
- Bret, S. (2008). Let's Buy Pakistan's Nukes. Wall Street Journal
- Business Recorder. (2018). Rising Budget Deficit.
- Pasha, H.A. (2018). Business Recorder.
- Khan, A. (2016). Rising Debt: A Serious Threat to the National Security. Working Paper
- Eduardo, B., & Ugo, P. (2008). IMF Working Paper, the Costs of Sovereign Default
- Fiscal Responsibility and Debt Limitation (FRDL) Act 2005
- Fiscal Responsibility and Debt Limitation Act, 2005
- Government of Pakistan. (2001). Pakistan Economic Survey 2001
- Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Finance. (2001). Debt Management Committee Report. Islamabad.
- Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Finance ,Debt Policy and Coordination Office & State Bank of Pakistan
- Bukhari, H. & Haq, I. (2018). Need for Efficient Tax Authority. Business Recorder.
- Oneal, J.R. & Russett, B. (1999). High Politics of IMF Lending. The Kantian Peace: The Pacific Benefits of Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations, 1885-1992.
- Juvaria, J.,(2015). Insidious Debt and Elusive Freedom: Narrative Issues with Public Borrowing. Published in PRIME Institute.
- Kamal, M. (2016). Blind borrowing -Is Pakistan fast slipping into a debt trap?. The Nation, December 8, 2016.
- Khan, Dr. A. Khan., (2017) Pakistan's Debt: An Update Spearhead Research URL:
- Lawrence, Z.. (1975). Pakistan: The Long View Durham, Duke University Press. p.328
- Morrow, D., & Carriere, M. (1999). The Economic Impacts of the 1998 Sanctions on India and Pakistan. The Nonproliferation Review, 6(4), 1-15
- National Assembly debates on Protection of Economic Reforms Bill, 1992
- Palmer, N.D. (1975). Pakistan: The Long Search for Foreign Policy.In Lawrence Ziring. Durham (ed),Pakistan: The Long View by Lawrence Ziring (p.416), Duke University Press
- Rana, S., (2017). PTI warns of legal battle over definition change of public debt. The Express Tribune September 20, 2017 from: https://tribune. com.pk/story/1511122/pti-warns-legal-battle-definition-change-public-debt
- Staff Report. (2017). Foreign Debt seem more Dangerous than Terrorism in Pakistan. The Nation, February 27,2017
- Qureshi, T.A., & Mahmood, Z. (2016). The Magnitude of Trade Misinvoicing and Resulting Revenue Loss in Pakistan.The Lahore Journal of Economics, 21(2), 1-30
- The Gazette of Pakistan Extraordinary. Islamabad, July 28, 1992
- The News International (2017) “Debt trap haunts Pakistan’s Future” The News, September 29, 2017 Retrieved From https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/233309-Debt-trap-haunts-Pakistans-future
- The USAÂ’s Foreign Assistance Act 1961 was amended on the initiative of Stuart Symington in 1977. This comprised ODA: $ 8.8 billion non-ODA: $3.6 billion and arrears of $77 million. ODA is defined as credits with a low interest and waived at development.
- Thomas W. L. (1998) “US Lifts Sanctions on India and Pakistan”. The Washington Post, November 7, 1998
- Ugo Panizza, et al. “The Economics and Law of Sovereign Debt and Default”, Journal of Economic Literature, 2009, vol 47, No. 3, p.p. 651-698
- PML-N. (2018). Economic Mismanagement. Business Recorder.
- Anderson, J.W. (1998). Pakistan Sets Off Nuclear Blasts. The Washington Post, May 29, 1998.
- Aslam, S. (1960). Pakistan Seeks Security. Longman.
- Asma, K. (2016). Perspective on Public Debt Sustainability, [SBP Staff Notes 04/16).
- Bret, S. (2008). Let's Buy Pakistan's Nukes. Wall Street Journal
- Business Recorder. (2018). Rising Budget Deficit.
- Pasha, H.A. (2018). Business Recorder.
- Khan, A. (2016). Rising Debt: A Serious Threat to the National Security. Working Paper
- Eduardo, B., & Ugo, P. (2008). IMF Working Paper, the Costs of Sovereign Default
- Fiscal Responsibility and Debt Limitation (FRDL) Act 2005
- Fiscal Responsibility and Debt Limitation Act, 2005
- Government of Pakistan. (2001). Pakistan Economic Survey 2001
- Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Finance. (2001). Debt Management Committee Report. Islamabad.
- Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Finance ,Debt Policy and Coordination Office & State Bank of Pakistan
- Bukhari, H. & Haq, I. (2018). Need for Efficient Tax Authority. Business Recorder.
- Oneal, J.R. & Russett, B. (1999). High Politics of IMF Lending. The Kantian Peace: The Pacific Benefits of Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations, 1885-1992.
- Juvaria, J.,(2015). Insidious Debt and Elusive Freedom: Narrative Issues with Public Borrowing. Published in PRIME Institute.
- Kamal, M. (2016). Blind borrowing -Is Pakistan fast slipping into a debt trap?. The Nation, December 8, 2016.
- Khan, Dr. A. Khan., (2017) Pakistan's Debt: An Update Spearhead Research URL:
- Lawrence, Z.. (1975). Pakistan: The Long View Durham, Duke University Press. p.328
- Morrow, D., & Carriere, M. (1999). The Economic Impacts of the 1998 Sanctions on India and Pakistan. The Nonproliferation Review, 6(4), 1-15
- National Assembly debates on Protection of Economic Reforms Bill, 1992
- Palmer, N.D. (1975). Pakistan: The Long Search for Foreign Policy.In Lawrence Ziring. Durham (ed),Pakistan: The Long View by Lawrence Ziring (p.416), Duke University Press
- Rana, S., (2017). PTI warns of legal battle over definition change of public debt. The Express Tribune September 20, 2017 from: https://tribune. com.pk/story/1511122/pti-warns-legal-battle-definition-change-public-debt
- Staff Report. (2017). Foreign Debt seem more Dangerous than Terrorism in Pakistan. The Nation, February 27,2017
- Qureshi, T.A., & Mahmood, Z. (2016). The Magnitude of Trade Misinvoicing and Resulting Revenue Loss in Pakistan.The Lahore Journal of Economics, 21(2), 1-30
- The Gazette of Pakistan Extraordinary. Islamabad, July 28, 1992
- The News International (2017) “Debt trap haunts Pakistan’s Future” The News, September 29, 2017 Retrieved From https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/233309-Debt-trap-haunts-Pakistans-future
- The USAÂ’s Foreign Assistance Act 1961 was amended on the initiative of Stuart Symington in 1977. This comprised ODA: $ 8.8 billion non-ODA: $3.6 billion and arrears of $77 million. ODA is defined as credits with a low interest and waived at development.
- Thomas W. L. (1998) “US Lifts Sanctions on India and Pakistan”. The Washington Post, November 7, 1998
- Ugo Panizza, et al. “The Economics and Law of Sovereign Debt and Default”, Journal of Economic Literature, 2009, vol 47, No. 3, p.p. 651-698
Cite this article
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APA : Islam, R., Ansari, S. H., & Hussain, S. (2018). Foreign Debt and its Implications for Pakistan's National Security. Global Regional Review, III(I), 107-127. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2018(III-I).08
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CHICAGO : Islam, Rafaqat, Sarfraz Hussain Ansari, and Shahzad Hussain. 2018. "Foreign Debt and its Implications for Pakistan's National Security." Global Regional Review, III (I): 107-127 doi: 10.31703/grr.2018(III-I).08
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HARVARD : ISLAM, R., ANSARI, S. H. & HUSSAIN, S. 2018. Foreign Debt and its Implications for Pakistan's National Security. Global Regional Review, III, 107-127.
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MHRA : Islam, Rafaqat, Sarfraz Hussain Ansari, and Shahzad Hussain. 2018. "Foreign Debt and its Implications for Pakistan's National Security." Global Regional Review, III: 107-127
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MLA : Islam, Rafaqat, Sarfraz Hussain Ansari, and Shahzad Hussain. "Foreign Debt and its Implications for Pakistan's National Security." Global Regional Review, III.I (2018): 107-127 Print.
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OXFORD : Islam, Rafaqat, Ansari, Sarfraz Hussain, and Hussain, Shahzad (2018), "Foreign Debt and its Implications for Pakistan's National Security", Global Regional Review, III (I), 107-127
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TURABIAN : Islam, Rafaqat, Sarfraz Hussain Ansari, and Shahzad Hussain. "Foreign Debt and its Implications for Pakistan's National Security." Global Regional Review III, no. I (2018): 107-127. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2018(III-I).08