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- Bokosmaty, S., Sweller, J., & Kalyuga, S. (2015). Learning geometry problem solving by studying worked examples: Effects of learner guidance and expertise. American Educational Research Journal, 52(2), 307-333
- Baddeley, A. (2000). The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(11), 417–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1364-
- Emory, B. (2019). Cognitive load theory and instructional message design. In M. Ramlatchan (Ed.), Instructional Message Design. (1st ed., pp 1-27). ODU Digital Commons. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/instructional _message_design/12
- Jamil, M. (2021). An analysis of education policy and science teachers' practices for developing critical thinking skills in secondary school students, [PhD dissertation, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan].
- Jamil, M., Bokhari, T. B., & Iqbal, J. (2024). Incorporation of critical thinking skills development: A case of mathematics curriculum for grades I-XII. Journal of Asian Development Studies, 13(1), 375-382. https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2024.13.1.32
- Jamil, M., Bokhari, T. B., & Rafiq, M. (2024). Critical Thinking Skills Development for 21st Century: An Analysis of Biology Curriculum (2006). Voyage Journal of Educational Studies, 4(1), 127-138. https://doi.org/10.58622/vjes.v4i1.132
- Jamil, M., Bokhari, T. B., & Zia, Q. (2024). Qualitative content analysis for critical thinking and skill development: A case of chemistry curriculum. Journal of Asian Development Studies, 13(1), 147-155. https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2024.13.1.12
- Jamil, M., Hafeez, F. A., & Muhammad, N. (2024). Critical Thinking Development for 21st Century: Analysis of Physics Curriculum. Journal of Social & Organizational Matters, 3(1), 1–10. https://do.org/10.56976/jsom.v3
- Jamil, M., & Muhammad, Y. (2019). Teaching science students to think critically: Understanding secondary school teachers' practices. Journal of Research & Reflections in Education (JRRE), 13(2), 256-272.
- Jamil, M., Muhammad, Y., Masood, S., & Habib, Z. (2020). Critical thinking: A qualitative content analysis of education policy and secondary school science curriculum documents. Journal of Research and Reflections in Education, 14(2), 249-258. https://doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol4-iss2-2021(21-30)
- Jamil, M., Muhammad, Y., & Qureshi, N. (2021a). Critical thinking skills development: Secondary school science teachers’ perceptions and practices. Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research (SJESR), 4(2), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol4-iss2-2021(21-30)
- Jamil, M., Muhammad, Y., & Qureshi, N. (2021b). Secondary school science teachers' practices for the development of critical thinking skills: An observational study. Journal of Development and Social Sciences, 2(4), 259-258. https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)22
- Jamil, M. H., F.A,, & Muhammad, N. (2024). Critical thinking development for 21st century: Analysis of Physics curriculum. Journal of Social & Organizational Matters, 3(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.56976/jsom.v3
- Kaboli, M., Kadivar, P., Abdollahi, M. H., & Arabzadeh, M. (2020). Improving Generative Cognitive Processing through Germane Cognitive Load: A Qualitative Research. Research in School and Virtual Learning, 8(2), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.30473/etl.2021.54470.3292
- Rachmijati, C., & Cahyati, S. S. (2018). Gender Representation in Textbook Bahasa Inggris
- Grade X. Eltin Journal, 6(2), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.22460/eltin.v6i2.p59-69
- Resti, & Rachmijati, C. (2020). Analysis of the use of instructional media in teaching English to young learners at elementary school in Bandung. Project (Professional Journal of English Education), 3(4), 53. https://doi.org/10.22460/project.v3i4.p453-458
- Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
- Sweller, J., Van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. (2019). Cognitive architecture and instructional design: 20 years later. Educational Psychology Review, 31(2), 261– 292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09465-5
- Anmarkrud, Ø., Andresen, A., & Bråten, I. (2019). Cognitive load and working memory in multimedia learning: Conceptual and measurement issues. Educational Psychologist, 54(2), 61–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2018.1554484
- Akgün, Ö. E., Babur, A., & Albayrak, E. (2016). Effects of Lectures with PowerPoint or Prezi Presentations on Cognitive Load, Recall, and Conceptual Learning. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 8(3), 0–11. https://doi.org/10.15345/iojes.2016.03.001
- Bokosmaty, S., Sweller, J., & Kalyuga, S. (2015). Learning geometry problem solving by studying worked examples: Effects of learner guidance and expertise. American Educational Research Journal, 52(2), 307-333
- Baddeley, A. (2000). The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(11), 417–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1364-
- Emory, B. (2019). Cognitive load theory and instructional message design. In M. Ramlatchan (Ed.), Instructional Message Design. (1st ed., pp 1-27). ODU Digital Commons. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/instructional _message_design/12
- Jamil, M. (2021). An analysis of education policy and science teachers' practices for developing critical thinking skills in secondary school students, [PhD dissertation, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan].
- Jamil, M., Bokhari, T. B., & Iqbal, J. (2024). Incorporation of critical thinking skills development: A case of mathematics curriculum for grades I-XII. Journal of Asian Development Studies, 13(1), 375-382. https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2024.13.1.32
- Jamil, M., Bokhari, T. B., & Rafiq, M. (2024). Critical Thinking Skills Development for 21st Century: An Analysis of Biology Curriculum (2006). Voyage Journal of Educational Studies, 4(1), 127-138. https://doi.org/10.58622/vjes.v4i1.132
- Jamil, M., Bokhari, T. B., & Zia, Q. (2024). Qualitative content analysis for critical thinking and skill development: A case of chemistry curriculum. Journal of Asian Development Studies, 13(1), 147-155. https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2024.13.1.12
- Jamil, M., Hafeez, F. A., & Muhammad, N. (2024). Critical Thinking Development for 21st Century: Analysis of Physics Curriculum. Journal of Social & Organizational Matters, 3(1), 1–10. https://do.org/10.56976/jsom.v3
- Jamil, M., & Muhammad, Y. (2019). Teaching science students to think critically: Understanding secondary school teachers' practices. Journal of Research & Reflections in Education (JRRE), 13(2), 256-272.
- Jamil, M., Muhammad, Y., Masood, S., & Habib, Z. (2020). Critical thinking: A qualitative content analysis of education policy and secondary school science curriculum documents. Journal of Research and Reflections in Education, 14(2), 249-258. https://doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol4-iss2-2021(21-30)
- Jamil, M., Muhammad, Y., & Qureshi, N. (2021a). Critical thinking skills development: Secondary school science teachers’ perceptions and practices. Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research (SJESR), 4(2), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol4-iss2-2021(21-30)
- Jamil, M., Muhammad, Y., & Qureshi, N. (2021b). Secondary school science teachers' practices for the development of critical thinking skills: An observational study. Journal of Development and Social Sciences, 2(4), 259-258. https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)22
- Jamil, M. H., F.A,, & Muhammad, N. (2024). Critical thinking development for 21st century: Analysis of Physics curriculum. Journal of Social & Organizational Matters, 3(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.56976/jsom.v3
- Kaboli, M., Kadivar, P., Abdollahi, M. H., & Arabzadeh, M. (2020). Improving Generative Cognitive Processing through Germane Cognitive Load: A Qualitative Research. Research in School and Virtual Learning, 8(2), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.30473/etl.2021.54470.3292
- Rachmijati, C., & Cahyati, S. S. (2018). Gender Representation in Textbook Bahasa Inggris
- Grade X. Eltin Journal, 6(2), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.22460/eltin.v6i2.p59-69
- Resti, & Rachmijati, C. (2020). Analysis of the use of instructional media in teaching English to young learners at elementary school in Bandung. Project (Professional Journal of English Education), 3(4), 53. https://doi.org/10.22460/project.v3i4.p453-458
- Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
- Sweller, J., Van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. (2019). Cognitive architecture and instructional design: 20 years later. Educational Psychology Review, 31(2), 261– 292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09465-5
Cite this article
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APA : Jan, A., Ambreen, M., & Abbas, Q. (2024). Effect of Printed and Digital Instructional Material on Germane Cognitive Load of Students in the Subject of General Science at the Elementary Level. Global Regional Review, IX(I), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2024(IX-I).02
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CHICAGO : Jan, Afroz, Munazza Ambreen, and Qaisar Abbas. 2024. "Effect of Printed and Digital Instructional Material on Germane Cognitive Load of Students in the Subject of General Science at the Elementary Level." Global Regional Review, IX (I): 21-28 doi: 10.31703/grr.2024(IX-I).02
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HARVARD : JAN, A., AMBREEN, M. & ABBAS, Q. 2024. Effect of Printed and Digital Instructional Material on Germane Cognitive Load of Students in the Subject of General Science at the Elementary Level. Global Regional Review, IX, 21-28.
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MHRA : Jan, Afroz, Munazza Ambreen, and Qaisar Abbas. 2024. "Effect of Printed and Digital Instructional Material on Germane Cognitive Load of Students in the Subject of General Science at the Elementary Level." Global Regional Review, IX: 21-28
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MLA : Jan, Afroz, Munazza Ambreen, and Qaisar Abbas. "Effect of Printed and Digital Instructional Material on Germane Cognitive Load of Students in the Subject of General Science at the Elementary Level." Global Regional Review, IX.I (2024): 21-28 Print.
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OXFORD : Jan, Afroz, Ambreen, Munazza, and Abbas, Qaisar (2024), "Effect of Printed and Digital Instructional Material on Germane Cognitive Load of Students in the Subject of General Science at the Elementary Level", Global Regional Review, IX (I), 21-28
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TURABIAN : Jan, Afroz, Munazza Ambreen, and Qaisar Abbas. "Effect of Printed and Digital Instructional Material on Germane Cognitive Load of Students in the Subject of General Science at the Elementary Level." Global Regional Review IX, no. I (2024): 21-28. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2024(IX-I).02