CHALLENGES OF NOVICE TEACHERS AND STRATEGIES TO COPE AT SECONDARY LEVEL

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).44      10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).44      Published : Mar 1
Authored by : Gulzar Ahmed , Waqar Un Nisa Faizi , Sana Akbar

44 Pages : 403-416

References

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  • Ahmed, G., Arshad,M. & Tayyab,M. (2019). Study of Effects of ICT on Professional Development of Teachers at University Level. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2019, Vol.8, No 2 (s), ISSN 1805-3602.
  • Ahmed, G., Munshi, P. & Jumani, N.B. (2015). Impact of In-Service Teacher Training at Elementary Level in Sindh Province. The Sindh University Journal of Education Vol.44 No. 2, 2015, Pp.149-164.
  • Ahmed, G., Arshad, M.& Munshi. (2019). Need of Professional Development of Teachers of Province Sindh, Pakistan. International Review of Social Sciences, Vol. 7 Issue.3 (2019). ISSN 2309-0081 (www.irss.academyirmbr.com).
  • Alvi, M. H. (2016). A Manual for Selecting Sampling Techniques in Research. Munich Personal RePEc Archive.University of Karachi, Iqra University. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70218/ MPRA Paper No. 70218.
  • Amanchukwu, R. N.,Stanley G.J.& Ololube, N.P. (2017). A Review of Leadership Theories, Principles and Styles and Their Relevance to Educational Management. Management 2015, 5(1): 6-14 DOI: 10.5923/j.mm.20150501.02.
  • Arshad, M., Qamar, Z. A, Gulzar, F. Huma & Ahmed, G. (2019). School Environmental Effects on Academic Achievement in English Subject at Secondary Level in District Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 12(6).
  • Asiamah, N., Mensah, H. K., & Oteng-Abayie, E. (2017). General, Target, and Accessible Population: Demystifying the Concepts for Effective Sampling. The Qualitative Report, 22(6), 1607-1621. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol22/iss6/9.
  • Báez, C. P., Sandoval, L.Y., & Quiroga, C. (2019). Challenges facing novice principals: A study in Colombian schools using a socialization perspective. Issues in Educational Research, 29(1), 2019 205.
  • Borich, G. D. (2014). Effective Teaching Methods: Reserach-Based Practice. Pearson, USA.
  • Botty, M. R., Mohd, T. Z., Shahrill, M., & Mahadi, M. A. (2015). Connecting students’ achievements with attitudes, the teachings and study habits. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s1p113
  • Boyd, D., Grossman, P., Ing, M., Lankford, H., Loeb, S., & Wyckoff, J. (2011). The influence of school administrators on teacher retention decisions. American Educational Research Journal, 48, 303–333. doi:10.3102/0002831210380788.
  • Brannan, D., & Bleistein, T. (2012). Novice ESOL teachers’ perceptions of social support networks. TESOL Quarterly, 46 (3), 539-541.
  • Buchanan, J. (2010). May I be excused? Why teachers leave the profession. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 30, 199–211.
  • Cain, M. (2012). Beliefs about classroom practice: A Study of primary teacher trainees in Trinidad and Tobago. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(3).
  • Celebi, N. (2019). Teachers and ICT‟s in secondary education: The Turkish case. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science (IJTES), 3(1), pp. 19-28.
  • Cavaney. & Du, X. (2018). Novice teachers' job satisfaction and coping strategies: Overcoming contextual challenges at Qatari government schools. Teaching and Teacher Education 67 (2017) 340e350342.
  • Chandrasekar, K. (2011). Workplace environment and its impact on organisational performance in public sector organisations. International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems. 1(1):1-19. 14.
  • Combat, V.F. (2014). Women aspiring to administrative positions in Kenya municipal primary schools. International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies 6(7).
  • Cuddihy, N.J. (2012). Understanding school leadership: a mixed methods study of the context and needs of serving and aspiring post primary school principals. Unpublished professional doctorate in education leadership thesis. Dublin City University.
  • Dayan, U., Parveen,S & Khan,I., (2018). Transition from Pre-Service Training to Classroom: Experiences and Challenges of Novice Teachers in Pakistan. FWU Journal of Social Sciences, Winter 2018, Vol.12, No.2, 48-59.
  • Edward, N., Mualuk, N.J & Johns. (2017). A Review of Leadership Theories, Principles and Styles and Their Relevance to Educational Management. Management 2015, 5(1): 6-14 DOI: 10.5923/j.mm.20150501.02.
  • Fitchett, P. G., McCarthy, C. J., Lambert, R. G., & Boyle, L. (2018). An examination of US first-year teachers’ risk for occupational stress: Associations with professional preparation and occupational health. Teachers and Teaching, 24, 99–118.
  • Fletcher, E. C. (2013). Investigating the challenges of developing business education student teachers: Perspectives from university supervisors. Career and Technical Education Research, 38(2), 87-103.
  • Frisby, B. N., & Martin, M. M. (2010). Instructor-student and student-student rapport in the classroom. Communication Education, 59(2), 146–164.
  • Garcia-Garduno JM, Slater C & Lopez-Gorosave G (2011) Beginning elementary principals around the world. Management in Education 25(3): 100–105.
  • Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. W. (2009). Educational Research: Competencies for analysis and applications (9th ed.). Columbus, Ohio: Pearson Merrill.
  • Gehlbach, H., Brinkworth, M. E., & Harris, A. D. (2012). Changes in teacher-student relationships. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 82(4), 690–704.
  • Goodwin, B. (2012). New teachers face three common challenges. Educational leadership, 69 (8), 84–85.
  • Grudnoff, L. (2012). All’s well? New Zealand beginning teachers’ experience of induction provision in their first six months in school. Professional Development in Education, vol.38, no.3, pp.471-485.
  • Gujarati, J. 2012. A comprehensive induction system: a key to retention of highly qualified teachers. The Educational Forum, vol.72, no.2, pp.218- 230.
  • Harmsen, R., Lorenz, M., Maulana, R., & van Veen, K. (2018). The relationship between beginning teachers' stress causes, stress responses, teaching behaviour and attrition. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 24(6), 626-643.
  • Haynes, L. (2011). Novice teachers' perceptions of their mentoring experiences. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT). http://search.proquest.com/docview/922678446.
  • Hevko, I. (2019). Information technologies in education: opportunities and negative consequences. Journal of education, health and sport, 9(1), pp. 69-77.
  • Hussain, A.,1, Haq, M. N. & Kousar, A. (2018). Exploring Practices of Novice Teachers at Primary Classes in Private Schools of Skardu, Pakistan. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci., 8(7)46-56, 2018, ISSN: 2090-4274.
  • Imrab, S., Mushtaq, A.S. Qudsia. B. (2013). Factors affecting the motivation of academic staff (a case study of University College Kotli,UAJ&K). International Journal of Business and Management Invention. 2(1): 105-112.
  • Imran, M., Mahmood, A. & Ahmed, G. (2020). An analysis of the use of Information Communication Technology: Possibilities And Hurdles among University Teachers, Hamdard Islamicus,Vol. XLIII, No.1 2020.
  • Ingersoll, R.M. 2012. Beginning teacher induction: what the data tell us. Kappan magazine, vol.93, no.8, pp.47- 51.
  • Islahi, F., & Nasrin. (2019). Exploring teacher attitude toward information technology with a gender perspective. Contemporary educational technology, 10(1), pp. 37 54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30935/cet.512527.
  • Jayaweera, T. (2015). Impact of work environmental factors on job performance, mediating role of work motivation: a study of hotel sector in England. International Journal of Business and Management. 10(3): 271- 78.
  • Jones, N. & Youngs, P. (2012). Attitudes and affect: Daily emotions and their association with the commitment and burnout of beginning teachers. Teachers College Record, 114, 1–36.
  • Kane, R.G.& Francis, A. (2013). Preparing teachers for professional learning: is there a future for teacher education in new teacher induction? Teacher development: An International Journal of Teachers Professional Development. vol.17, no.3, pp.365-379.
  • Karatas, P., & Karaman, A. C. (2014). Challenges faced by novice language teachers: Support, identity, and pedagogy in the initial years of teaching. The International Journal of Research in Teacher Education, 4(3), 10-23.
  • Karl, K. A., & Peluchette, J. V. (2011). Friending professors, parents and bosses: A Facebook connection conundrum. Journal of Education for Business, 86(4), 214–222.
  • Karlberg, M., & Bezzina,C. (2020). The professional development needs of beginning and experienced teachers in four municipalities in Sweden, Professional Development in Education, DOI: 10.1080/19415257.2020.1712451.
  • Kelly, A., & Saunders, N. (2010). New head teachers on the block: Three case studies of transition to primary school headship, school leadership & management 30(2): 127–142.
  • Kessels, C.C., 2010. The influence of induction programs on beginning teachers’ well-being and professional development (Doctoral dissertation). Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research & Dutch Interuniversity Center for Educational Research. Leiden University.
  • Kim, K., & Roth, G. (2011). Novice teachers and their acquisition of work-related information. Current Issues in Education, 14(1).
  • Klassen, R. M., & Chiu, M. M. (2011). The occupational commitment and intention to quit of practicing and pre-service teachers: Influence of self-efficacy, job stress, and teaching context. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 36, 114–129.
  • Koehler, A., A, & Kim, M., C. (2012). Improving Beginning Teacher Induction Programs through Distance Education. Contemporary Educational Technology, 3(3), 212-233.
  • Koca, A. (2016). Problems of novice teachers: Challenges vs. support. Journal of Education in Black Sea Region, 1(2), 92-101.
  • Kubat, U. (2018). Identifying the Individual Differences Among Students During Learning and Teaching Process by Science Teachers. International Journal of Research in Educational and Science, (IJRES), 4(1), 30- 38. DOI:10.21890/ijres.369746.
  • Kutsyuruba, P., Godden, L. &Tregunna, L. (2014). Curbing early-career teacher attrition: a Pan-Canadian document analysis of teacher induction and mentorship programs. Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, Issue161, pp.1-10.
  • Lindqvist, P., NordÓ“nger, U.K., and Carlsson, R., 2014. Teacher attrition the first five years – A mutlifaceted image. Teaching and Teacher Education, 40, 94–103.
  • Loeb, S., Dynarski, S., McFarland, D., Morris, P., Reardon, S., & Reber, S. (2017). Descriptive analysis in education: A guide for researchers. (NCEE 2017–4023). Washington, DC: U.S. Department. http://ies.ed.gov/ncee.
  • Lindqvist, P., NordÓ“nger, U.K., and Carlsson, R., 2014. Teacher attrition the first five years – A mutlifaceted image. Teaching and Teacher Education, 40, 94–103.
  • Martin, K., & Christopher, B. (2020). The professional development needs of beginning and experienced teachers in four municipalities in Sweden, Professional Development in Education, DOI: 10.1080/19415257.2020.17124.
  • Masum AKM, Azad MAK, Beh LS. (2015). Determinants of academics' job satisfaction: empirical evidence from private universities in Bangladesh. PLoS ONE. 10(2):1-15.
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  • McArthur, J. A., & Bostedo-Conway, K. (2012). Exploring the relationship between student-instructor interaction on Twitter and student perceptions of teacher behaviors. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 24(3), 286–292.
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  • Ahmed, G., Arshad,M. & Tayyab,M. (2019). Study of Effects of ICT on Professional Development of Teachers at University Level. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2019, Vol.8, No 2 (s), ISSN 1805-3602.
  • Ahmed, G., Munshi, P. & Jumani, N.B. (2015). Impact of In-Service Teacher Training at Elementary Level in Sindh Province. The Sindh University Journal of Education Vol.44 No. 2, 2015, Pp.149-164.
  • Ahmed, G., Arshad, M.& Munshi. (2019). Need of Professional Development of Teachers of Province Sindh, Pakistan. International Review of Social Sciences, Vol. 7 Issue.3 (2019). ISSN 2309-0081 (www.irss.academyirmbr.com).
  • Alvi, M. H. (2016). A Manual for Selecting Sampling Techniques in Research. Munich Personal RePEc Archive.University of Karachi, Iqra University. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70218/ MPRA Paper No. 70218.
  • Amanchukwu, R. N.,Stanley G.J.& Ololube, N.P. (2017). A Review of Leadership Theories, Principles and Styles and Their Relevance to Educational Management. Management 2015, 5(1): 6-14 DOI: 10.5923/j.mm.20150501.02.
  • Arshad, M., Qamar, Z. A, Gulzar, F. Huma & Ahmed, G. (2019). School Environmental Effects on Academic Achievement in English Subject at Secondary Level in District Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 12(6).
  • Asiamah, N., Mensah, H. K., & Oteng-Abayie, E. (2017). General, Target, and Accessible Population: Demystifying the Concepts for Effective Sampling. The Qualitative Report, 22(6), 1607-1621. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol22/iss6/9.
  • Báez, C. P., Sandoval, L.Y., & Quiroga, C. (2019). Challenges facing novice principals: A study in Colombian schools using a socialization perspective. Issues in Educational Research, 29(1), 2019 205.
  • Borich, G. D. (2014). Effective Teaching Methods: Reserach-Based Practice. Pearson, USA.
  • Botty, M. R., Mohd, T. Z., Shahrill, M., & Mahadi, M. A. (2015). Connecting students’ achievements with attitudes, the teachings and study habits. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s1p113
  • Boyd, D., Grossman, P., Ing, M., Lankford, H., Loeb, S., & Wyckoff, J. (2011). The influence of school administrators on teacher retention decisions. American Educational Research Journal, 48, 303–333. doi:10.3102/0002831210380788.
  • Brannan, D., & Bleistein, T. (2012). Novice ESOL teachers’ perceptions of social support networks. TESOL Quarterly, 46 (3), 539-541.
  • Buchanan, J. (2010). May I be excused? Why teachers leave the profession. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 30, 199–211.
  • Cain, M. (2012). Beliefs about classroom practice: A Study of primary teacher trainees in Trinidad and Tobago. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(3).
  • Celebi, N. (2019). Teachers and ICT‟s in secondary education: The Turkish case. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science (IJTES), 3(1), pp. 19-28.
  • Cavaney. & Du, X. (2018). Novice teachers' job satisfaction and coping strategies: Overcoming contextual challenges at Qatari government schools. Teaching and Teacher Education 67 (2017) 340e350342.
  • Chandrasekar, K. (2011). Workplace environment and its impact on organisational performance in public sector organisations. International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems. 1(1):1-19. 14.
  • Combat, V.F. (2014). Women aspiring to administrative positions in Kenya municipal primary schools. International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies 6(7).
  • Cuddihy, N.J. (2012). Understanding school leadership: a mixed methods study of the context and needs of serving and aspiring post primary school principals. Unpublished professional doctorate in education leadership thesis. Dublin City University.
  • Dayan, U., Parveen,S & Khan,I., (2018). Transition from Pre-Service Training to Classroom: Experiences and Challenges of Novice Teachers in Pakistan. FWU Journal of Social Sciences, Winter 2018, Vol.12, No.2, 48-59.
  • Edward, N., Mualuk, N.J & Johns. (2017). A Review of Leadership Theories, Principles and Styles and Their Relevance to Educational Management. Management 2015, 5(1): 6-14 DOI: 10.5923/j.mm.20150501.02.
  • Fitchett, P. G., McCarthy, C. J., Lambert, R. G., & Boyle, L. (2018). An examination of US first-year teachers’ risk for occupational stress: Associations with professional preparation and occupational health. Teachers and Teaching, 24, 99–118.
  • Fletcher, E. C. (2013). Investigating the challenges of developing business education student teachers: Perspectives from university supervisors. Career and Technical Education Research, 38(2), 87-103.
  • Frisby, B. N., & Martin, M. M. (2010). Instructor-student and student-student rapport in the classroom. Communication Education, 59(2), 146–164.
  • Garcia-Garduno JM, Slater C & Lopez-Gorosave G (2011) Beginning elementary principals around the world. Management in Education 25(3): 100–105.
  • Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. W. (2009). Educational Research: Competencies for analysis and applications (9th ed.). Columbus, Ohio: Pearson Merrill.
  • Gehlbach, H., Brinkworth, M. E., & Harris, A. D. (2012). Changes in teacher-student relationships. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 82(4), 690–704.
  • Goodwin, B. (2012). New teachers face three common challenges. Educational leadership, 69 (8), 84–85.
  • Grudnoff, L. (2012). All’s well? New Zealand beginning teachers’ experience of induction provision in their first six months in school. Professional Development in Education, vol.38, no.3, pp.471-485.
  • Gujarati, J. 2012. A comprehensive induction system: a key to retention of highly qualified teachers. The Educational Forum, vol.72, no.2, pp.218- 230.
  • Harmsen, R., Lorenz, M., Maulana, R., & van Veen, K. (2018). The relationship between beginning teachers' stress causes, stress responses, teaching behaviour and attrition. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 24(6), 626-643.
  • Haynes, L. (2011). Novice teachers' perceptions of their mentoring experiences. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT). http://search.proquest.com/docview/922678446.
  • Hevko, I. (2019). Information technologies in education: opportunities and negative consequences. Journal of education, health and sport, 9(1), pp. 69-77.
  • Hussain, A.,1, Haq, M. N. & Kousar, A. (2018). Exploring Practices of Novice Teachers at Primary Classes in Private Schools of Skardu, Pakistan. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci., 8(7)46-56, 2018, ISSN: 2090-4274.
  • Imrab, S., Mushtaq, A.S. Qudsia. B. (2013). Factors affecting the motivation of academic staff (a case study of University College Kotli,UAJ&K). International Journal of Business and Management Invention. 2(1): 105-112.
  • Imran, M., Mahmood, A. & Ahmed, G. (2020). An analysis of the use of Information Communication Technology: Possibilities And Hurdles among University Teachers, Hamdard Islamicus,Vol. XLIII, No.1 2020.
  • Ingersoll, R.M. 2012. Beginning teacher induction: what the data tell us. Kappan magazine, vol.93, no.8, pp.47- 51.
  • Islahi, F., & Nasrin. (2019). Exploring teacher attitude toward information technology with a gender perspective. Contemporary educational technology, 10(1), pp. 37 54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30935/cet.512527.
  • Jayaweera, T. (2015). Impact of work environmental factors on job performance, mediating role of work motivation: a study of hotel sector in England. International Journal of Business and Management. 10(3): 271- 78.
  • Jones, N. & Youngs, P. (2012). Attitudes and affect: Daily emotions and their association with the commitment and burnout of beginning teachers. Teachers College Record, 114, 1–36.
  • Kane, R.G.& Francis, A. (2013). Preparing teachers for professional learning: is there a future for teacher education in new teacher induction? Teacher development: An International Journal of Teachers Professional Development. vol.17, no.3, pp.365-379.
  • Karatas, P., & Karaman, A. C. (2014). Challenges faced by novice language teachers: Support, identity, and pedagogy in the initial years of teaching. The International Journal of Research in Teacher Education, 4(3), 10-23.
  • Karl, K. A., & Peluchette, J. V. (2011). Friending professors, parents and bosses: A Facebook connection conundrum. Journal of Education for Business, 86(4), 214–222.
  • Karlberg, M., & Bezzina,C. (2020). The professional development needs of beginning and experienced teachers in four municipalities in Sweden, Professional Development in Education, DOI: 10.1080/19415257.2020.1712451.
  • Kelly, A., & Saunders, N. (2010). New head teachers on the block: Three case studies of transition to primary school headship, school leadership & management 30(2): 127–142.
  • Kessels, C.C., 2010. The influence of induction programs on beginning teachers’ well-being and professional development (Doctoral dissertation). Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research & Dutch Interuniversity Center for Educational Research. Leiden University.
  • Kim, K., & Roth, G. (2011). Novice teachers and their acquisition of work-related information. Current Issues in Education, 14(1).
  • Klassen, R. M., & Chiu, M. M. (2011). The occupational commitment and intention to quit of practicing and pre-service teachers: Influence of self-efficacy, job stress, and teaching context. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 36, 114–129.
  • Koehler, A., A, & Kim, M., C. (2012). Improving Beginning Teacher Induction Programs through Distance Education. Contemporary Educational Technology, 3(3), 212-233.
  • Koca, A. (2016). Problems of novice teachers: Challenges vs. support. Journal of Education in Black Sea Region, 1(2), 92-101.
  • Kubat, U. (2018). Identifying the Individual Differences Among Students During Learning and Teaching Process by Science Teachers. International Journal of Research in Educational and Science, (IJRES), 4(1), 30- 38. DOI:10.21890/ijres.369746.
  • Kutsyuruba, P., Godden, L. &Tregunna, L. (2014). Curbing early-career teacher attrition: a Pan-Canadian document analysis of teacher induction and mentorship programs. Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, Issue161, pp.1-10.
  • Lindqvist, P., NordÓ“nger, U.K., and Carlsson, R., 2014. Teacher attrition the first five years – A mutlifaceted image. Teaching and Teacher Education, 40, 94–103.
  • Loeb, S., Dynarski, S., McFarland, D., Morris, P., Reardon, S., & Reber, S. (2017). Descriptive analysis in education: A guide for researchers. (NCEE 2017–4023). Washington, DC: U.S. Department. http://ies.ed.gov/ncee.
  • Lindqvist, P., NordÓ“nger, U.K., and Carlsson, R., 2014. Teacher attrition the first five years – A mutlifaceted image. Teaching and Teacher Education, 40, 94–103.
  • Martin, K., & Christopher, B. (2020). The professional development needs of beginning and experienced teachers in four municipalities in Sweden, Professional Development in Education, DOI: 10.1080/19415257.2020.17124.
  • Masum AKM, Azad MAK, Beh LS. (2015). Determinants of academics' job satisfaction: empirical evidence from private universities in Bangladesh. PLoS ONE. 10(2):1-15.
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Cite this article

    APA : Ahmed, G., Faizi, W. U. N., & Akbar, S. (2020). Challenges of Novice Teachers and Strategies to Cope at Secondary Level. Global Regional Review, V(I), 403-416. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).44
    CHICAGO : Ahmed, Gulzar, Waqar Un Nisa Faizi, and Sana Akbar. 2020. "Challenges of Novice Teachers and Strategies to Cope at Secondary Level." Global Regional Review, V (I): 403-416 doi: 10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).44
    HARVARD : AHMED, G., FAIZI, W. U. N. & AKBAR, S. 2020. Challenges of Novice Teachers and Strategies to Cope at Secondary Level. Global Regional Review, V, 403-416.
    MHRA : Ahmed, Gulzar, Waqar Un Nisa Faizi, and Sana Akbar. 2020. "Challenges of Novice Teachers and Strategies to Cope at Secondary Level." Global Regional Review, V: 403-416
    MLA : Ahmed, Gulzar, Waqar Un Nisa Faizi, and Sana Akbar. "Challenges of Novice Teachers and Strategies to Cope at Secondary Level." Global Regional Review, V.I (2020): 403-416 Print.
    OXFORD : Ahmed, Gulzar, Faizi, Waqar Un Nisa, and Akbar, Sana (2020), "Challenges of Novice Teachers and Strategies to Cope at Secondary Level", Global Regional Review, V (I), 403-416
    TURABIAN : Ahmed, Gulzar, Waqar Un Nisa Faizi, and Sana Akbar. "Challenges of Novice Teachers and Strategies to Cope at Secondary Level." Global Regional Review V, no. I (2020): 403-416. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(V-I).44