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- Naeem, T., Khan, M. H., & Khaliq, F. A. (2020). Cultural Imperialism through Hollywood Cinematic Media on Pakistani Youth. International Journal of Media and Information Literacy, 5(1), 90–102. https://doi.org/10.13187/IJMIL.2020.1.90
- Nie, K. S., Kee, C. P., & Ahmad, A. L. (2014). Mediatization: A Grand Concept or Contemporary Approach? Procedia -Social and Behavioral Sciences, 155, 362– 367. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SBSPRO.2014.10.306
- Ochonogor, C. I., & Nwachukwu, F. G. (2019). Transnational Advertising of Coca Cola and the Adoption of Pop Culture among Youths in South-South Region of Nigeria. AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 8(4), 28–43. https://doi.org/10.4314/ijah.v8i4.3
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- Sawada, C. (2016). The promise and limits of “pop culture diplomacy†in East Asia: Contexts-texts-reception. In M. Berry & C. Sawada (Eds.), Divided Lenses: Screen Memories of War in East Asia (220–251). University of Hawaii Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824858179-012
- Seok, S., & Dacosta, B. (2012). The world’s most intense online gaming culture: Addiction and high-engagement prevalence rates among South Korean adolescents and young adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2143–2151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.06.019
- Å erić, M., & PraniÄević, D. G. (2018). Consumer-Generated Reviews on Social Media and Brand Relationship Outcomes in the Fast-Food Chain Industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 27(2), 218–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2017.1340219
- Shefrin, E. (2004). Lord of the Rings, Star Wars, and participatory fandom: Mapping new congruencies between the Internet and media entertainment culture. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 21(3), 261–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/0739318042000212729
- Singh, A., Shukla, N., & Mishra, N. (2018). Social media data analytics to improve supply chain management in food industries. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 114, 398–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2017.05.008
- Spencer-Oatey, H. (2012). What is culture? A Compilation of Quotations. GlobalPAD Core Concepts. https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/al/globalpad-rip/openhouse/interculturalskills_old/global_pad_-_what_is_culture.pdf
- Spencer-Oatey, H. (2021). British and Chinese Reactions to Compliment Responses. In Culturally Speaking Second Edition (Second). Continuum. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350934085.ch-005
- Storey, J. (2021). Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction. Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003011729
- Street, J. (2020). Popular culture and political communication. Comunicazione Politica, 21(1), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.3270/96428
- Torraco, R. J. (2005). Writing Integrative Literature Reviews: Guidelines and Examples. Human Resource Development Review, 4(3), 356–367. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484305278283
- Unctad. (2018, October 8). COVID-19 has changed online shopping forever, survey shows | UNCTAD. https://unctad.org/news/covid-19-has-changed-online-shopping-forever-survey-shows
- Ushanova, I. A. (2015). Mediatization of Communication: from Concept to Theory. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences, 8(11), 2703–2712. https://doi.org/10.17516/1997-1370-2015-8-11-2703-2712
- Williams, R. H., & Kuper, A. (2001). Culture: The Anthropologists’ Account. Contemporary Sociology, 30(3), 302. https://doi.org/10.2307/3089289
- ang, L. (2014). Reality talent shows in China. In L. Ouellette (Ed.), Academia.edu (516–540). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://www.academia.edu/download/40502071/Reality_Talent_Shows_in_China.pdf
- Zhao, J. J. (2018). Queer, yet never lesbian: a ten-year look back at the reality TV singing competition show Super Voice Girl. Celebrity Studies, 9(4), 470–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2018.1508957
- Zuo, H., & Wang, T. (2019). Analysis of Tik Tok User Behavior from the Perspective of Popular Culture. Frontiers in Art Research, 1(3), 1–05. https://doi.org/10.25236/FAR.20190301
- Amazon. (2021, June 2). Amazon ranked No. 1 investor in America. https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/job-creation-and-investment/amazon-ranked-no-1-investor-in-america
- Baker, A. (2020, February 7). The Most Watched Sporting Events in The World - Roadtrips. https://www.roadtrips.com/blog/the-most-watched-sporting-events-in-the-world/
- Bhatti, A., Akram, H., Basit, H. M., Khan, A. U., Mahwish, S., Naqvi, R., & Bilal, M. (2020). E-commerce trends during COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking, 13(2), 1449–1452.
- Biegun, J., Edgerton, J. D., & Roberts, L. W. (2021). Measuring Problem Online Video Gaming and Its Association With Problem Gambling and Suspected Motivational, Mental Health, and Behavioral Risk Factors in a Sample of University Students. Games and Culture, 16(4), 434–456. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412019897524
- Bloom Ads. (2021). How Pop Culture Impacts Your Advertising. https://blog.bloomads.com/blog/how-pop-culture-impacts-your-advertising
- Clement, J. (2021, April 29). Video game industry - Statistics & Facts | Statista. https://www.statista.com/topics/868/video-games/
- Coban, F. (2016). The Role of the Media in International Relations: From the CNN Effect to the Al –Jazeere Effect. Journal of International Relations and Foreign Policy, 4(2), 45–61. https://doi.org/10.15640/jirfp.v4n2a3
- Cresswell, J. W. (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Second). SAGE Publication, Ltd.
- Crossman, A. (2019, December 9). The Definition of Marriage in Sociology. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/marriage-3026396
- David Curry. (2022, September 14). Most Popular Apps (2022) - Business of Apps. https://www.businessofapps.com/data/most-popular-apps/
- Debnath, K. (2019). Between High Culture and Low Culture; and also The Difference Between Popular Culture and Folk Culture. SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH, 7(8), 12. https://doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v7i8.9572
- Delaney, T. (2007). Pop Culture: An Overview | Issue 64 | Philosophy Now. https://philosophynow.org/issues/64/Pop_Culture_An_Overview
- Dolby, N. (2003). Popular Culture and Democratic Practice. In Harvard Educational Review 73(3), (258–284). https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.73.3.l225466l06204076
- Efendioglu, A. M., & Yip, V. F. (2004). Chinese culture and e-commerce: An exploratory study. Interacting with Computers, 16(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2003.11.004
- Elezaj, R. (2019, December 2). How Do Movies Impact our Societies. Mystory. https://yourstory.com/mystory/how-movies-impact-societies/amp
- Entertainment Software Association. (2021). Essential Facts About the Computer and Video Game. Entertainment Software Association. https://www.theesa.com/resource/2021-essential-facts-about-the-video-game-industry/
- Febrina, D. P. (2019). Hybridity In Popular Culture: A Transnational Analysis Of American Adaptations Of Japanese Movies In 21st Century. Rubikon: Journal of Transnational American Studies, 4(1), 75. https://doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v4i1.47857
- FIFA. (2018, June 29). FIFA. https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/2018russia/news/fans-drive-record-digital-interest-in-fifa-world-cup
- Fornäs, J. (2014). Mediatization of popular culture. In Mediatization of Communication (483–504). Walter de Gruyter GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110272215.483
- Fortune. (2014). Worlds Most Admired Companies. CNN Money. https://fortune.com/worlds-most-admired-companies/2021/
- Hepp, A., Hjarvard, S., & Lundby, K. (2010). Mediatization - Empirical perspectives: An introduction to a special issue. Communications, 35(3), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1515/COMM.2010.012
- Hollander, P. (2010). Michael Jackson, the celebrity cult, and popular culture. Society, 47(2), 147–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-009-9294-6
- Hutchins, B. (2011). The acceleration of media sport culture: Twitter, telepresence and online messaging. Information Communication and Society, 14(2), 237– 257. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2010.508534
- Iwabuchi, K. (2015). Pop-culture diplomacy in Japan: Soft power, nation branding and the question of ‘international cultural exchange.’ International Journal of Cultural Policy, 21(4), 419–432. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2015.1042469
- Jansson, A. (2002). The mediatization of consumption: Towards an analytical framework of image culture. Journal of Consumer Culture, 2(1), 5–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/146954050200200101
- Jones, O. (2018, December 21). The 15 most significant social impact films of 2018 - USC News. https://news.usc.edu/153288/the-15-most-significant-social-impact-films-of-2018/
- Jung, H. (2019). Agenda-setting in the realm of popular culture: The case of the Korean Wave in East Asia. Global Media and Communication, 15(3), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742766519872782
- Kang, J. Y. M., & Kim, J. (2017). Online customer relationship marketing tactics through social media and perceived customer retention orientation of the green retailer. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 21(3), 298–316. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-08-2016-0071
- Kim, A. J., & Ko, E. (2010). Impacts of luxury fashion brand’s social media marketing on customer relationship and purchase intention. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 1(3), 164–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2010.10593068
- Kraidy, M. M. (2019). Popular Culture. In Curran James & Hesmondhalgh David (Eds.), Media and Society (21–36). Bloomsbury Academic. https://www.academia.edu/39303546/Media_and_Society_6th_edition
- Leung, D., Law, R., van Hoof, H., & Buhalis, D. (2013). Social Media in Tourism and Hospitality: A Literature Review. In Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 30(1–2), (3–22). https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.750919
- Libraries. (2010). 8.3 Movies and Culture – Understanding Media and Culture. Understanding Media and Culture: An Introduction to Mass Communication; University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. https://open.lib.umn.edu/mediaandculture/chapter/8-3-movies-and-culture/
- Manangi, S. (2017, August 1). Uber’s global expansion strategy - “Think local to expand global†– will it work for startups? | LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ubers-global-expansion-strategy-think-local-expand-work-manangi/
- Morris, W., & James, P. (2017). Social media, an entrepreneurial opportunity for agriculture-based enterprises. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 24(4), 1028–1045. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-01-2017-0018
- Naeem, T., Khan, M. H., & Khaliq, F. A. (2020). Cultural Imperialism through Hollywood Cinematic Media on Pakistani Youth. International Journal of Media and Information Literacy, 5(1), 90–102. https://doi.org/10.13187/IJMIL.2020.1.90
- Nie, K. S., Kee, C. P., & Ahmad, A. L. (2014). Mediatization: A Grand Concept or Contemporary Approach? Procedia -Social and Behavioral Sciences, 155, 362– 367. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SBSPRO.2014.10.306
- Ochonogor, C. I., & Nwachukwu, F. G. (2019). Transnational Advertising of Coca Cola and the Adoption of Pop Culture among Youths in South-South Region of Nigeria. AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 8(4), 28–43. https://doi.org/10.4314/ijah.v8i4.3
- Parker, H. N. (2011). Toward a Definition of Popular Culture. History and Theory, 50, 147–170.
- Platt College. (n.d.). Film and Society: How Films Impact Society and Popular Culture | Platt College San Diego. https://platt.edu/blog/film-society-films-impact-society-popular-culture/
- Reid, A. J. (2014, January 29). Video Games as Popular Culture. We may all have played one once, but... | by Andrew J. Reid | Medium. https://medium.com/@ajreid93/video-games-as-popular-culture-49d22adbd091
- Richter, F. (2020, September 22). Chart: Gaming: The Most Lucrative Entertainment Industry By Far | Statista. https://www.statista.com/chart/22392/global-revenue-of-selected-entertainment-industry-sectors/
- Rose, C. S. (2007). Biology in the movies: Using the double-edged sword of popular culture to enhance public understanding of science. Evolutionary Biology, 34(1–2), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-007-9001-8
- Sawada, C. (2016). The promise and limits of “pop culture diplomacy†in East Asia: Contexts-texts-reception. In M. Berry & C. Sawada (Eds.), Divided Lenses: Screen Memories of War in East Asia (220–251). University of Hawaii Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824858179-012
- Seok, S., & Dacosta, B. (2012). The world’s most intense online gaming culture: Addiction and high-engagement prevalence rates among South Korean adolescents and young adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2143–2151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.06.019
- Å erić, M., & PraniÄević, D. G. (2018). Consumer-Generated Reviews on Social Media and Brand Relationship Outcomes in the Fast-Food Chain Industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 27(2), 218–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2017.1340219
- Shefrin, E. (2004). Lord of the Rings, Star Wars, and participatory fandom: Mapping new congruencies between the Internet and media entertainment culture. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 21(3), 261–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/0739318042000212729
- Singh, A., Shukla, N., & Mishra, N. (2018). Social media data analytics to improve supply chain management in food industries. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 114, 398–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2017.05.008
- Spencer-Oatey, H. (2012). What is culture? A Compilation of Quotations. GlobalPAD Core Concepts. https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/al/globalpad-rip/openhouse/interculturalskills_old/global_pad_-_what_is_culture.pdf
- Spencer-Oatey, H. (2021). British and Chinese Reactions to Compliment Responses. In Culturally Speaking Second Edition (Second). Continuum. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350934085.ch-005
- Storey, J. (2021). Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction. Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003011729
- Street, J. (2020). Popular culture and political communication. Comunicazione Politica, 21(1), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.3270/96428
- Torraco, R. J. (2005). Writing Integrative Literature Reviews: Guidelines and Examples. Human Resource Development Review, 4(3), 356–367. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484305278283
- Unctad. (2018, October 8). COVID-19 has changed online shopping forever, survey shows | UNCTAD. https://unctad.org/news/covid-19-has-changed-online-shopping-forever-survey-shows
- Ushanova, I. A. (2015). Mediatization of Communication: from Concept to Theory. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences, 8(11), 2703–2712. https://doi.org/10.17516/1997-1370-2015-8-11-2703-2712
- Williams, R. H., & Kuper, A. (2001). Culture: The Anthropologists’ Account. Contemporary Sociology, 30(3), 302. https://doi.org/10.2307/3089289
- ang, L. (2014). Reality talent shows in China. In L. Ouellette (Ed.), Academia.edu (516–540). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://www.academia.edu/download/40502071/Reality_Talent_Shows_in_China.pdf
- Zhao, J. J. (2018). Queer, yet never lesbian: a ten-year look back at the reality TV singing competition show Super Voice Girl. Celebrity Studies, 9(4), 470–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2018.1508957
- Zuo, H., & Wang, T. (2019). Analysis of Tik Tok User Behavior from the Perspective of Popular Culture. Frontiers in Art Research, 1(3), 1–05. https://doi.org/10.25236/FAR.20190301
Cite this article
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APA : Rafique, S., Khan, M. H., & Bilal, H. (2022). A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media. Global Regional Review, VII(I), 173 - 184. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2022(VII-I).17
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CHICAGO : Rafique, Shanawer, Mohsin Hassan Khan, and Hira Bilal. 2022. "A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media." Global Regional Review, VII (I): 173 - 184 doi: 10.31703/grr.2022(VII-I).17
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HARVARD : RAFIQUE, S., KHAN, M. H. & BILAL, H. 2022. A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media. Global Regional Review, VII, 173 - 184.
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MHRA : Rafique, Shanawer, Mohsin Hassan Khan, and Hira Bilal. 2022. "A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media." Global Regional Review, VII: 173 - 184
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MLA : Rafique, Shanawer, Mohsin Hassan Khan, and Hira Bilal. "A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media." Global Regional Review, VII.I (2022): 173 - 184 Print.
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OXFORD : Rafique, Shanawer, Khan, Mohsin Hassan, and Bilal, Hira (2022), "A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media", Global Regional Review, VII (I), 173 - 184
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TURABIAN : Rafique, Shanawer, Mohsin Hassan Khan, and Hira Bilal. "A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media." Global Regional Review VII, no. I (2022): 173 - 184. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2022(VII-I).17