POLITICAL TRUST AND EFFICACY AMONG EDUCATED YOUTH IN PAKISTAN

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-II).41      10.31703/grr.2019(IV-II).41      Published : Jun 2019
Authored by : AkhlaqAhmad , FarhanNavidYousaf , MazharIqbalBhatti

41 Pages : 386-391

References

  • Bauer, P. C., & Fatke, M. (2014). Direct democracy and political trust: Enhancing trust, initiating distrust-or both?Swiss Political Science Review,20(1), 49-69
  • Blais A, Gidengil E, Nevitte N, et al. (2004) Where Does Turnout Decline Come from? European Journal of Political Research,43(2): 221-236
  • Catterberg, G., & Moreno, A. (2006). The individual bases of political trust: Trends in new and established democracies. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 18(1), 31-48
  • Ceron, A., & Memoli, V. (2016). Flames and debates: Do social media affect satisfaction with democracy? Social Indicators Research, 126(1), 225-240
  • Choi, E., & Woo, J. (2016). The origins of political trust in East Asian democracies: Psychological, cultural, and institutional arguments.Japanese Journal of Political Science,17(3), 410-426
  • Citrin J and Luks S (2001) Political Trust Revisited: Déjà vu All Over Again? In: Hibbing JR and Theiss-Morse E (eds) What Is It about Government That Americans Dislike. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp.9-27.
  • Craig SC, Niemi RG and Silver GE (1990) Political Efficacy and Trust: A Report on the NES Pilot Study Items. Political Behavior 12 (3): 289-314
  • De Moor, J. (2017). Lifestyle politics and the concept of political participation.Acta Politica,52(2), 179-197
  • Esaiasson, P., Kölln, A. K., & Turper, S. (2015). External efficacy and perceived responsiveness-Similar but distinct concepts.International journal of public opinion research,27(3), 432-445.Gallup (2013) Trust in Government. Available at: (accessed 7 October 2018). http://www.gallup.com/poll/5392/trust-government.aspx
  • Fournier P, van der Kolk H, Carty RK, et al. (2011) When Citizens Decide: Lessons from Citizen Assemblies on Electoral Reform. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  • Gastil J and Xenos M (2010) Of Attitudes and Engagement: Clarifying the Reciprocal Relationship between Civic Attitudes and Political Participation. Journal of Communication,60(2): 318-343.
  • Hawkins, K. A., Aguilar, R., Silva, B. C., Jenne, E. K., Kocijan, B., & Kaltwasser, C. R. (2019). Measuring Populist Discourse: The Global Populism Database. Presentado en el 2019 en EPSA Annual Conference en Belfast, Reino Unido, June
  • Hetherington, M. J., & Husser, J. A. (2012). How trust matters: The changing political relevance of political trust.American Journal of Political Science,56(2), 312-325
  • Inglehart, R. (1999). Trust, well-being and democracy.Democracy and trust,88.
  • Munno, G., & Nabatchi, T. (2014). Public deliberation and co-production in the political and electoral arena: a citizens' Jury Approach.Journal of Public Deliberation,10(2), 1
  • Norris P (2011) Democratic Deficit: Critical Citizens Revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Passarelli G and Tuorto D (2018) The Five Star Movement: Purely a Matter of Protest? The Rise of a New Party between Political Discontent and Reasoned Voting. Party Politics,24(2): 129-140
  • ParkinsJR and McFarlane BL (2015) Trust and Skepticism in Dynamic Tension: Concepts and Empirical Refinements from Research on the Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak in Alberta, Canada. Human Ecology Review,21(1): 133-153.
  • Rooduijn M, Van der Brug W and De Lange SL(2016) Expressing or Fueling Discontent? The Relationship between Populist Voting and Political Discontent. Electoral Studies,43: 32-40
  • Rooduijn M (2019) State of the Field: How to Study Populism and Adjacent Topics? A Plea for Both More and Less Focus.European Journal of Political Research,58(1): 362-372
  • Pew Research Center (2017) Public Trust in Government Remains Near Historic Lows as Partisan Attitudes Shift.Availableat: (accessed 18 October 2018) http://assets.pewresearch.org/wpcontent/uploads/sites/5/2017/05/03145544/05-03-17-Trust-release.pdf
  • Smets K and Van Ham C (2013) The Embarrassment of Riches? A Meta-Analysis of Individual-Level Research on Voter Turnout. Electoral Studies,32(2): 344-359.
  • Thomassen, J., Andeweg, R., & van Ham, C. (2017). Political trust and the decline of legitimacy debate: a theoretical and empirical investigation into their interrelationship. InHandbook on political trust. Edward Elgar Publishing
  • Ulbig SG (2007) Gendering Municipal Government: Female Descriptive Representation and Feelings of Political Trust. Social Science Quarterly,88(5): 1106-1123
  • Van der Kolk H (2018) Populisme, Immigratie en Europa [Populism, Immigration and Europe]. In: Van der Meer T, Van der Kolk H and Rekker R (eds) Aanhoudend Wisselvallig: Nationaal Kiezersonderzoek 2017. Amsterdam: Stichting Kiezersonderzoek Nederland, pp.66-77
  • Van der Meer, T., & Hakhverdian, A. (2017). Political trust as the evaluation of process and performance: A cross-national study of 42 European countries.Political Studies,65(1), 81-102
  • Van Hauwaert SM and Van Kessel S (2018) Beyond Protest and Discontent: A Cross-National Analysis of the Effect of Populist Attitudes and Issue Positions on Populist Party Support. European Journal of Political Research,57(1): 68-92
  • Van Hauwaert SM, SchimpfCH and Azevedo F (2019) Public Opinions Surveys: Evaluating Existing Measures. In: Hawkins KA, Carlin RE, Littvay L, et al. (eds) The Ideational Approach to Populism: Concept, Theory, and Analysis. London: Routledge, pp.128-149
  • Warren ME (2009) Two Trust-Based Uses of Minipublics in Democracy. Paper Presented at the American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Toronto, ON, Canada.
  • Yeich, S., & Levine, R. (1994). Political efficacy: Enhancing the construct and its relationship to mobilization of people.Journal of Community Psychology,22(3), 259-271.
  • Bauer, P. C., & Fatke, M. (2014). Direct democracy and political trust: Enhancing trust, initiating distrust-or both?Swiss Political Science Review,20(1), 49-69
  • Blais A, Gidengil E, Nevitte N, et al. (2004) Where Does Turnout Decline Come from? European Journal of Political Research,43(2): 221-236
  • Catterberg, G., & Moreno, A. (2006). The individual bases of political trust: Trends in new and established democracies. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 18(1), 31-48
  • Ceron, A., & Memoli, V. (2016). Flames and debates: Do social media affect satisfaction with democracy? Social Indicators Research, 126(1), 225-240
  • Choi, E., & Woo, J. (2016). The origins of political trust in East Asian democracies: Psychological, cultural, and institutional arguments.Japanese Journal of Political Science,17(3), 410-426
  • Citrin J and Luks S (2001) Political Trust Revisited: Déjà vu All Over Again? In: Hibbing JR and Theiss-Morse E (eds) What Is It about Government That Americans Dislike. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp.9-27.
  • Craig SC, Niemi RG and Silver GE (1990) Political Efficacy and Trust: A Report on the NES Pilot Study Items. Political Behavior 12 (3): 289-314
  • De Moor, J. (2017). Lifestyle politics and the concept of political participation.Acta Politica,52(2), 179-197
  • Esaiasson, P., Kölln, A. K., & Turper, S. (2015). External efficacy and perceived responsiveness-Similar but distinct concepts.International journal of public opinion research,27(3), 432-445.Gallup (2013) Trust in Government. Available at: (accessed 7 October 2018). http://www.gallup.com/poll/5392/trust-government.aspx
  • Fournier P, van der Kolk H, Carty RK, et al. (2011) When Citizens Decide: Lessons from Citizen Assemblies on Electoral Reform. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  • Gastil J and Xenos M (2010) Of Attitudes and Engagement: Clarifying the Reciprocal Relationship between Civic Attitudes and Political Participation. Journal of Communication,60(2): 318-343.
  • Hawkins, K. A., Aguilar, R., Silva, B. C., Jenne, E. K., Kocijan, B., & Kaltwasser, C. R. (2019). Measuring Populist Discourse: The Global Populism Database. Presentado en el 2019 en EPSA Annual Conference en Belfast, Reino Unido, June
  • Hetherington, M. J., & Husser, J. A. (2012). How trust matters: The changing political relevance of political trust.American Journal of Political Science,56(2), 312-325
  • Inglehart, R. (1999). Trust, well-being and democracy.Democracy and trust,88.
  • Munno, G., & Nabatchi, T. (2014). Public deliberation and co-production in the political and electoral arena: a citizens' Jury Approach.Journal of Public Deliberation,10(2), 1
  • Norris P (2011) Democratic Deficit: Critical Citizens Revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Passarelli G and Tuorto D (2018) The Five Star Movement: Purely a Matter of Protest? The Rise of a New Party between Political Discontent and Reasoned Voting. Party Politics,24(2): 129-140
  • ParkinsJR and McFarlane BL (2015) Trust and Skepticism in Dynamic Tension: Concepts and Empirical Refinements from Research on the Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak in Alberta, Canada. Human Ecology Review,21(1): 133-153.
  • Rooduijn M, Van der Brug W and De Lange SL(2016) Expressing or Fueling Discontent? The Relationship between Populist Voting and Political Discontent. Electoral Studies,43: 32-40
  • Rooduijn M (2019) State of the Field: How to Study Populism and Adjacent Topics? A Plea for Both More and Less Focus.European Journal of Political Research,58(1): 362-372
  • Pew Research Center (2017) Public Trust in Government Remains Near Historic Lows as Partisan Attitudes Shift.Availableat: (accessed 18 October 2018) http://assets.pewresearch.org/wpcontent/uploads/sites/5/2017/05/03145544/05-03-17-Trust-release.pdf
  • Smets K and Van Ham C (2013) The Embarrassment of Riches? A Meta-Analysis of Individual-Level Research on Voter Turnout. Electoral Studies,32(2): 344-359.
  • Thomassen, J., Andeweg, R., & van Ham, C. (2017). Political trust and the decline of legitimacy debate: a theoretical and empirical investigation into their interrelationship. InHandbook on political trust. Edward Elgar Publishing
  • Ulbig SG (2007) Gendering Municipal Government: Female Descriptive Representation and Feelings of Political Trust. Social Science Quarterly,88(5): 1106-1123
  • Van der Kolk H (2018) Populisme, Immigratie en Europa [Populism, Immigration and Europe]. In: Van der Meer T, Van der Kolk H and Rekker R (eds) Aanhoudend Wisselvallig: Nationaal Kiezersonderzoek 2017. Amsterdam: Stichting Kiezersonderzoek Nederland, pp.66-77
  • Van der Meer, T., & Hakhverdian, A. (2017). Political trust as the evaluation of process and performance: A cross-national study of 42 European countries.Political Studies,65(1), 81-102
  • Van Hauwaert SM and Van Kessel S (2018) Beyond Protest and Discontent: A Cross-National Analysis of the Effect of Populist Attitudes and Issue Positions on Populist Party Support. European Journal of Political Research,57(1): 68-92
  • Van Hauwaert SM, SchimpfCH and Azevedo F (2019) Public Opinions Surveys: Evaluating Existing Measures. In: Hawkins KA, Carlin RE, Littvay L, et al. (eds) The Ideational Approach to Populism: Concept, Theory, and Analysis. London: Routledge, pp.128-149
  • Warren ME (2009) Two Trust-Based Uses of Minipublics in Democracy. Paper Presented at the American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Toronto, ON, Canada.
  • Yeich, S., & Levine, R. (1994). Political efficacy: Enhancing the construct and its relationship to mobilization of people.Journal of Community Psychology,22(3), 259-271.

Cite this article

    CHICAGO : Ahmad, Akhlaq, Farhan Navid Yousaf, and Mazhar Iqbal Bhatti. 2019. "Political Trust and Efficacy among Educated Youth in Pakistan." Global Regional Review, IV (II): 386-391 doi: 10.31703/grr.2019(IV-II).41
    HARVARD : AHMAD, A., YOUSAF, F. N. & BHATTI, M. I. 2019. Political Trust and Efficacy among Educated Youth in Pakistan. Global Regional Review, IV, 386-391.
    MHRA : Ahmad, Akhlaq, Farhan Navid Yousaf, and Mazhar Iqbal Bhatti. 2019. "Political Trust and Efficacy among Educated Youth in Pakistan." Global Regional Review, IV: 386-391
    MLA : Ahmad, Akhlaq, Farhan Navid Yousaf, and Mazhar Iqbal Bhatti. "Political Trust and Efficacy among Educated Youth in Pakistan." Global Regional Review, IV.II (2019): 386-391 Print.
    OXFORD : Ahmad, Akhlaq, Yousaf, Farhan Navid, and Bhatti, Mazhar Iqbal (2019), "Political Trust and Efficacy among Educated Youth in Pakistan", Global Regional Review, IV (II), 386-391
    TURABIAN : Ahmad, Akhlaq, Farhan Navid Yousaf, and Mazhar Iqbal Bhatti. "Political Trust and Efficacy among Educated Youth in Pakistan." Global Regional Review IV, no. II (2019): 386-391. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-II).41