References
- Aalberg, T., & Beyer, A. (2015). Human interest framing of irregular immigration: Anempirical study of public preferences for personalized news stories in the United States, France, and Norway. American Behavioral Scientist, 59(7), 858-875.
- Andrew Dugan (2013). Hillary Clinton's Favorability Slips Slightly. Retrieved from http://news.gallup.com/poll/162986/hillary-clinton-favorabilityslips-slightly.aspx
- Barthes, R. (1998). Mythologies. New York: Hill and Wang
- Bryant, J., & Oliver, M. B. (Eds.). (2009). Media effects: Advances in theory and research. Routledge.
- Burrows, D. (2013).Framing the Iraq war: a critical analysis of the mainstream westernnews media's explanations of violence during the occupation of Iraq (Doctoral dissertation, University of Kent).
- Cacciatore, M. A., Scheufele, D. A., &Iyengar, S. (2016). The end of framing as we know it… and the future of media effects.Mass Communication and Society, 19(1), 7-23.
- Chong, D., & Druckman, J. N. (2007).Framing theory. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci., 10, 103-126.
- De Vreese, C. H. (2005). News framing: Theory and typology. Information design journal document design, 13(1), 51-62.
- Den Herder, B., 2013. Personal questions, political answers: Personalization in politicalnewspaper interviews in Great Britain, France, and the Netherlands, 1990-2010. Journalism Practice, 7(4), 465-480
- Diaspora, migration and the media in Europe: Narratives and perception (2016). Retrieved from: https://www.slideshare.net/ICMPD/diasporas-migrationand-the-media in-europe-narratives-and-perception
- Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 163-173.
- Fourie: J., 2012. Peace journalism as ideology or peace journalism as a semiotic act of world and life view? Communicare, 31
- Fiske, J. (1990). Introduction to communication studies (2nd edn). London: Routledge.
- Giroux, H. (1997). Pedagogy of the politics of hope: Theory, culture, and schooling. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
- Hargreaves, I. (2014). Journalism: a very short introduction. Oxford: OUP
- He, Z., Xianhong, C., & Xing, W. (2012). The image of the United States in the Chinese media: An examination of the evaluative component of framing. Public Relations Review, 38(5): 676-683.
- Heemsbergen, L.J. (2013). Radical transparency in journalism: Digital evolutions from historical precedents. Global Media Journal, 6(1), 45.
- Hellen, L. (2017). Issue of the New Statesman. Retrieved from http://www.newstatesman.com/1997/2017/05/tamagotchi-tfi-friday-desk6-iconic-objects-cool-britannia
- Karimi, F. (2017). Watergate Scandal: A look back crisis, CNN Politics, Retrieved from http://edition.cnn.com/2017/05/17/politics/watergate-scandal-lookback/index.html
- Kellner, D., & Kahn, R. (2003). Internet subcultures and oppositional politics. In D.
- Klein, A.G., Byerly, C.M., & McEachern, T. M. (2009). Counter framing Public Dissent: An analysis of antiwar coverage in the U.S. media. Critical Studies in Media communication, 26(4), 331-350.
- Kwansah-Aidoo, K. (2005). Topical issues in communications and media research. Nova Science Publishers
- Lakoff, G., & Ferguson, S. (2017). The framing of immigration
- Marcus, E (2017), Affair with then-President Bill Clinton, US Politics Retrieved from https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/monica-lewi nsky- r eacts- to-new-bill-clinton-affair-tv-special/
- McQuail, D., Golding: , & De Bens, E. (Eds.).(2005). Communication theory and research.Sage.
- Media Framing Analysis - USA TODAY vs. Libération, (2011). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wU2Ztb8BOa4
- Meiseberg, B., Lengers, J., & Ehrmann, T. (2016). The Economics of Sensationalism: The Lack of Effect of Scandal-Reporting on Business Outcomes. Journal of Media Economics, 29(1), 4-15
- Metzger, M. J. The study of media effects in the era of internet communication. In R. Nabi & M.B. Oliver (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of media processes and effects. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc
- Min, S.J. (2015). Conversation through journalism: Searching for organizing principles of public and citizen journalism. Journalism, 146-298.
- Nisbet, M. C. (2009). Communicating climate change: Why frames matter for public engagement. Environment, 51(2), 12-23.
- Stephen, D.R., Oscar, H.G.Jr., & August, E.G. (2001). Framing Public Life: Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World.
- Russell, N.W., Guggenheim, L., MoJang, S., & Bae, S. Y. (2014). The dynamics of public attention: Agendaâ€Âsetting theory meets big data. Journal of Communication, 64(2), 193-214
- Ortega, F. J., & Feagin, J. R. (2016).Framing Theory.The Routledge Companion to Media and Race.
- Pan, Z., &Kosicki, G. M. (1993). Framing analysis: An approach to news discourse.Political communication, 10(1), 55-75.
- Prados, J, Reframing the Iraq war, Retrieved from https://www. huffingtonpost.com/johnprados/post_997_b_749773.html
- Raviola, E. (2012). exploring organizational framings: Journalism and business management in newspaper organizations. Information, Communication & Society, 15(6): 932-958.
- Reston, M. (1994). Nixon reframed Watergate scandals in rereleased 1983 interviews, Los Angeles times, Retrieved from http://www.latimes. com/nation/la-nanixon-watergate-20140806-story.html
- Riff, D., Lacy, S., & Fico, F. (2014).Analyzing media messages: Using quantitative content analysis in research. Routledge.
- Russell, N.W., Guggenheim, L., MoJang, S., & Bae, S. Y. (2014). The dynamics of public attention: Agendaâ€Âsetting theory meets big data. Journal of Communication, 64(2), 193-214.
- Ryabova, M. (2013). Euphemisms and media framing.European Scientific Journal, 9(32).
- Sasson, T. (1995). Crime talk: How citizens construct a social problem. Transaction Publishers.
- Scheufele, D. A., & Tewksbury, D. (2007). Framing, agenda setting, and priming: The evolution of three media effects models. Journal of communication, 57(1), 9- 20.
- Steen, S., & Laura, A. (2015). Theories of Journalism in a Digital Age, Journalism Practice, 9:1, 1-18, DOI: 10.1080/17512786.2014.928454
- Tankard, J. W. (2001).The empirical approach to the study of media framing.Framing public life: Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world, 95-106.
- Time. (2015). Saddam Hussein Was Actually Horrible At Killing Terrorists. Retrieved
- Youtube (2013). US and UK framing the Iranians arming Taliban. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXYkyPLoUhQ
- Waller, R. L., & Conaway, R. N. (2011).Framing and counterframing the issue of corporate social responsibility. Journal Of Business Communication, 48(1), 83-106.
- Wiest, S. L., Raymond, L., & Clawson, R. A. (2015). Framing, partisan predispositions, and public opinion on climate change. Global Environmental Change, 31, 187-198.
- Yuan, E.J. (2013). Online journalism in social transformations: A community structure approach. Journalism Studies, 14(1): 78-93.
- Aalberg, T., & Beyer, A. (2015). Human interest framing of irregular immigration: Anempirical study of public preferences for personalized news stories in the United States, France, and Norway. American Behavioral Scientist, 59(7), 858-875.
- Andrew Dugan (2013). Hillary Clinton's Favorability Slips Slightly. Retrieved from http://news.gallup.com/poll/162986/hillary-clinton-favorabilityslips-slightly.aspx
- Barthes, R. (1998). Mythologies. New York: Hill and Wang
- Bryant, J., & Oliver, M. B. (Eds.). (2009). Media effects: Advances in theory and research. Routledge.
- Burrows, D. (2013).Framing the Iraq war: a critical analysis of the mainstream westernnews media's explanations of violence during the occupation of Iraq (Doctoral dissertation, University of Kent).
- Cacciatore, M. A., Scheufele, D. A., &Iyengar, S. (2016). The end of framing as we know it… and the future of media effects.Mass Communication and Society, 19(1), 7-23.
- Chong, D., & Druckman, J. N. (2007).Framing theory. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci., 10, 103-126.
- De Vreese, C. H. (2005). News framing: Theory and typology. Information design journal document design, 13(1), 51-62.
- Den Herder, B., 2013. Personal questions, political answers: Personalization in politicalnewspaper interviews in Great Britain, France, and the Netherlands, 1990-2010. Journalism Practice, 7(4), 465-480
- Diaspora, migration and the media in Europe: Narratives and perception (2016). Retrieved from: https://www.slideshare.net/ICMPD/diasporas-migrationand-the-media in-europe-narratives-and-perception
- Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 163-173.
- Fourie: J., 2012. Peace journalism as ideology or peace journalism as a semiotic act of world and life view? Communicare, 31
- Fiske, J. (1990). Introduction to communication studies (2nd edn). London: Routledge.
- Giroux, H. (1997). Pedagogy of the politics of hope: Theory, culture, and schooling. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
- Hargreaves, I. (2014). Journalism: a very short introduction. Oxford: OUP
- He, Z., Xianhong, C., & Xing, W. (2012). The image of the United States in the Chinese media: An examination of the evaluative component of framing. Public Relations Review, 38(5): 676-683.
- Heemsbergen, L.J. (2013). Radical transparency in journalism: Digital evolutions from historical precedents. Global Media Journal, 6(1), 45.
- Hellen, L. (2017). Issue of the New Statesman. Retrieved from http://www.newstatesman.com/1997/2017/05/tamagotchi-tfi-friday-desk6-iconic-objects-cool-britannia
- Karimi, F. (2017). Watergate Scandal: A look back crisis, CNN Politics, Retrieved from http://edition.cnn.com/2017/05/17/politics/watergate-scandal-lookback/index.html
- Kellner, D., & Kahn, R. (2003). Internet subcultures and oppositional politics. In D.
- Klein, A.G., Byerly, C.M., & McEachern, T. M. (2009). Counter framing Public Dissent: An analysis of antiwar coverage in the U.S. media. Critical Studies in Media communication, 26(4), 331-350.
- Kwansah-Aidoo, K. (2005). Topical issues in communications and media research. Nova Science Publishers
- Lakoff, G., & Ferguson, S. (2017). The framing of immigration
- Marcus, E (2017), Affair with then-President Bill Clinton, US Politics Retrieved from https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/monica-lewi nsky- r eacts- to-new-bill-clinton-affair-tv-special/
- McQuail, D., Golding: , & De Bens, E. (Eds.).(2005). Communication theory and research.Sage.
- Media Framing Analysis - USA TODAY vs. Libération, (2011). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wU2Ztb8BOa4
- Meiseberg, B., Lengers, J., & Ehrmann, T. (2016). The Economics of Sensationalism: The Lack of Effect of Scandal-Reporting on Business Outcomes. Journal of Media Economics, 29(1), 4-15
- Metzger, M. J. The study of media effects in the era of internet communication. In R. Nabi & M.B. Oliver (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of media processes and effects. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc
- Min, S.J. (2015). Conversation through journalism: Searching for organizing principles of public and citizen journalism. Journalism, 146-298.
- Nisbet, M. C. (2009). Communicating climate change: Why frames matter for public engagement. Environment, 51(2), 12-23.
- Stephen, D.R., Oscar, H.G.Jr., & August, E.G. (2001). Framing Public Life: Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World.
- Russell, N.W., Guggenheim, L., MoJang, S., & Bae, S. Y. (2014). The dynamics of public attention: Agendaâ€Âsetting theory meets big data. Journal of Communication, 64(2), 193-214
- Ortega, F. J., & Feagin, J. R. (2016).Framing Theory.The Routledge Companion to Media and Race.
- Pan, Z., &Kosicki, G. M. (1993). Framing analysis: An approach to news discourse.Political communication, 10(1), 55-75.
- Prados, J, Reframing the Iraq war, Retrieved from https://www. huffingtonpost.com/johnprados/post_997_b_749773.html
- Raviola, E. (2012). exploring organizational framings: Journalism and business management in newspaper organizations. Information, Communication & Society, 15(6): 932-958.
- Reston, M. (1994). Nixon reframed Watergate scandals in rereleased 1983 interviews, Los Angeles times, Retrieved from http://www.latimes. com/nation/la-nanixon-watergate-20140806-story.html
- Riff, D., Lacy, S., & Fico, F. (2014).Analyzing media messages: Using quantitative content analysis in research. Routledge.
- Russell, N.W., Guggenheim, L., MoJang, S., & Bae, S. Y. (2014). The dynamics of public attention: Agendaâ€Âsetting theory meets big data. Journal of Communication, 64(2), 193-214.
- Ryabova, M. (2013). Euphemisms and media framing.European Scientific Journal, 9(32).
- Sasson, T. (1995). Crime talk: How citizens construct a social problem. Transaction Publishers.
- Scheufele, D. A., & Tewksbury, D. (2007). Framing, agenda setting, and priming: The evolution of three media effects models. Journal of communication, 57(1), 9- 20.
- Steen, S., & Laura, A. (2015). Theories of Journalism in a Digital Age, Journalism Practice, 9:1, 1-18, DOI: 10.1080/17512786.2014.928454
- Tankard, J. W. (2001).The empirical approach to the study of media framing.Framing public life: Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world, 95-106.
- Time. (2015). Saddam Hussein Was Actually Horrible At Killing Terrorists. Retrieved
- Youtube (2013). US and UK framing the Iranians arming Taliban. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXYkyPLoUhQ
- Waller, R. L., & Conaway, R. N. (2011).Framing and counterframing the issue of corporate social responsibility. Journal Of Business Communication, 48(1), 83-106.
- Wiest, S. L., Raymond, L., & Clawson, R. A. (2015). Framing, partisan predispositions, and public opinion on climate change. Global Environmental Change, 31, 187-198.
- Yuan, E.J. (2013). Online journalism in social transformations: A community structure approach. Journalism Studies, 14(1): 78-93.
Cite this article
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APA : Raza, M. R., Awan, S. M., & Shehzad, H. (2017). Fairness and Media Frames in Conflict Situations. Global Regional Review, II(I), 86-98. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).07
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CHICAGO : Raza, Muhammad Riaz, Sajid Mahmood Awan, and Hassan Shehzad. 2017. "Fairness and Media Frames in Conflict Situations." Global Regional Review, II (I): 86-98 doi: 10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).07
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HARVARD : RAZA, M. R., AWAN, S. M. & SHEHZAD, H. 2017. Fairness and Media Frames in Conflict Situations. Global Regional Review, II, 86-98.
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MHRA : Raza, Muhammad Riaz, Sajid Mahmood Awan, and Hassan Shehzad. 2017. "Fairness and Media Frames in Conflict Situations." Global Regional Review, II: 86-98
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MLA : Raza, Muhammad Riaz, Sajid Mahmood Awan, and Hassan Shehzad. "Fairness and Media Frames in Conflict Situations." Global Regional Review, II.I (2017): 86-98 Print.
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OXFORD : Raza, Muhammad Riaz, Awan, Sajid Mahmood, and Shehzad, Hassan (2017), "Fairness and Media Frames in Conflict Situations", Global Regional Review, II (I), 86-98
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TURABIAN : Raza, Muhammad Riaz, Sajid Mahmood Awan, and Hassan Shehzad. "Fairness and Media Frames in Conflict Situations." Global Regional Review II, no. I (2017): 86-98. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).07