ARTICLE

DETERMINANTS OF TAKAFUL DEMAND EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN

30 Pages : 312-327

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2022(VII-II).30      10.31703/grr.2022(VII-II).30      Published : Jun 2022

Determinants of Takaful Demand: Evidence from Pakistan

    Pakistan's Takaful (Islamic insurance) is growing. Despite the fact that the Takaful business is still expanding, it is expected to rise 20% to 25% in the next 10 years, reaching USD$ 13.5 billion in 2019. This study examines Takaful demand and Pakistani economic conditions. The study targets Pakistani Takaful enterprises from 2009-2020. The study sample includes 5 Takaful companies: 3 generals and 2 families. The dependent variable (Takaful demand) is obtained from Takaful companies' annual reports, whereas the independent variables (macroeconomic factors) are from the global bank database. Stata software is used to examine the data for autocorrelation, multicollinearity, and panel quantile regression. The result of the study ravelled that the selected macroeconomic factors have significant and positively connected with the Takaful demand.

    Takaful Demand, Economic Determinants, Pakistan
    (1) Fareeda Ashraf
    Academic Officer, Mechanical Engineering Department School of Engineering, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Mahmood Shah Khan
    Assistant Professor, Banking and Finance Department, Hasan Murad School of Management University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Zohaib Naeem Babar
    Lecturer, Government Associate College Kamalia, Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Azak, M. (1996). Determinants of Attitude towards Islamic Financing among Halal- Certified Micro and SMES: A Proposed Conceptual Framework. American Journal of Islamic Finance, 6(1), 11-17
  • Autreville, J. F. (1996). The Economic Significance of Insurance Markets in Developing Countries. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 57(3), 487-498 https://doi.org/10.2307/252844
  • Ayinde, L. O., & Echchabi, A. (2012). Perception and Adoption of Islamic Insurance in Malaysia: An Empirical Study. World Applied Sciences Journal. 20(3), 407–415 http://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wasj.2012.20.03.1954
  • Ayesha, S. V., Ara J., & Ehteshamul-Haque S., (2012).On the Corporate Demand for Insurance: evidence from the reinsurance market. Journal of Business, 1(5), 3555-3560 https://doi.org/10.1111/rmir.12107
  • Black, Jr. K., & Skipper Jr. H. (2000). Life and health insurance. 13th Edition.Prentice Hall Inc, New Jersey
  • Babbel, D. E. (1981). Inflation, indexation, and life insurance sales in Brazil. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 48(1), 111-135 https://doi.org/10.2307/252655
  • Babbel, D. E. (1985). The price elasticity of demand for whole life insurance. Journal of Finance, 40(1), 225-239 https://doi.org/10.2307/2328057
  • Beck, T., & I. Webb. (2003). Economic, demographic, and institutional determinants of life insurance consumption across countries, World Bank Economic Review, 17(1), 51-88 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17169
  • Beenstock, M., Dickinson, G., & Khajuria, S. (1986). The determination of life premiums: an international cross section analysis, insurance. Mathematics and Economics. 5(1), 261-270 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6687(86)90020-X
  • Browne, M. J., & Kim, K. (2000). An international analysis of life insurance demand. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 60,616-634. https://doi.org/10.2307/253382
  • Burnett, J. J., & Palmer, B. A. (1984). Examining life insurance ownership through demographic and psychographic characteristics. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 51,453-467 https://doi.org/10.2307/25247
  • Campbell, R. A. (1980). The demand for life insurance: an application of the economics of uncertainty. Journal of Finance, 35, 1155-1172 https://doi.org/10.2307/232709
  • Chua, O. (2000). Proceedings from the International Conference on Takaful/Islamic Insurance, Kuala Lumpur. Journal of Insurance,3(12),453- 467
  • Deloitte. (2014). Insurance industry outlook: transforming for growth. International Economic Review, 10(4), 160-169.
  • Enz, R. (2000). The s-curve relation between per-capita income and insurance penetration, Geneva papers on risk and insurance. Issues and Practice, 25(3), 396-406. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0440.00072
  • Ernst, & Young. (2014). Global Takaful growth in momentum continues. Journal of Finance, 23(5), 456-569
  • Fischer, S. A. (1973). Life cycle model of life insurance purchases. International Economic Review, 14(1), 132-152 https://doi.org/10.2307/2526049
  • Fisher, O. (2009). Historical Review, Importance and an Introduction to insurable Risk. Administration in Social Work, 33,347-367.
  • Fortune, P. (1973). A theory of optimal life insurance: development and tests. Journal of Finance, 28,587-600 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1973.tb01381.
  • Hassan, & Basher, M. (2004). Islamic Financial Instruments for Public Sector Resource Mobilization. Islamic Research and Training Institute, Islamic Development Bank, Jeddah, 1997, 10, 27- 60
  • Htay, S. N. N., & Salman, S. A. (2013). Viability of Islamic insurance (Takaful) in India: SWOT Analysis Approach. Review of European Studies, 5 (4), 192-206 https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v5n4p145
  • Hussels, S., Ward D. R., & Zurbruegg, R. (2005). Stimulating the demand for insurance. Risk Management& Insurance Review, 8(2), 257-278 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6296.2005.00059.x
  • Hwang, T., & Greenford, B. (2005). A cross- section analysis of the determinants of life insurance. Insurance Annual Report, 1990-2005, Malaysian Central Bank https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6296.2005.00051.x
  • Hwang, T., & Gao. S. (2003). The determinants of the demand for life insurance in an emerging economy – the case of China. Journal of Managerial Finance, 29, 82-94 https://doi.org/10.1108/03074350310768779
  • Iqbal, M. (2001). Jeddah: Islamic Research and Training Institute Journal of Islamic Economic Studies, Islamic Development Bank, 8(2),
  • Masud, F. J. (1996). Life insurance markets in developing countries. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 63,263-278 https://doi.org/10.2307/253745
  • Klingmuller, & Earnest. (1969). The Concept and development of insurance in Islamic Countries. Islamic Culture . Journal of Financial Intermediation, 8(12), 143-152.
  • Levine, R. (1999). Law, finance and economic growth . Journal of Financial Intermediation, 8(12), 8-35.
  • Levine, R., Loayza, N., & Beck, T. (2000). Financial intermediation and growth: causality andcauses. Journal of Monetary Economics, 46(1), 31-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S03043932(00)00017-9
  • Porta, L. R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (1997). Legal determinants of external finance. Journal of Finance, 52(3), 1131-1150. https://doi.org/10.2307/2329518
  • Porta, L. R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (2000). Investor protection and corporate governance. Journal ofFinancial Economics, 58(1-2), 3-27 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(00)00065-9
  • Rahim, & Amin. (2011). The case of Malaysian Islamic banks. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 2(1)
  • Rehman, Z. A., Yusof, R. M., & Bakar, F. A. (2008). Family Takaful: it’s role in social economic development and as a savings and investment instrument in Malaysia – an extension . Shariah Journal, 16(1), 89- 105 https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JS/article/view/22778
  • Razak, M. I. R., Idris, M. M., Yusof, W. E., Jaapar., & Ali, M. N. (2013). Acceptance determinants towards Takaful products in Malaysia. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(17), 432-444
  • Truett, D. B., & Truett, L. J. (1990). The demand for life insurance in Mexico and the United States: a comparative study. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 57, 321- 32 https://doi.org/10.2307/253306
  • Wahab, A. R. A., Lewis, M. K., & Hassan, M. K.(2007). Islamic Takaful: business models, Shariah concerns, and proposed solutions. Thunderbird International Business Review, 49(3), 371–396. https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20148
  • Ward, D., & Zurburuegg, R. (2000). Does insurance promote economic growth? Evidence from OECD countries. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 67, 489-506. https://doi.org/10.2307/253847
  • Yamori, N. (1999). An Empirical Investigation of the Japanese Corporate Demand for Insurance. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 66, 239 – 252. https://doi.org/10.2307/253611
  • Zou, H., Adams, M. B., & Buckle, M. J. (2003). Corporate Risks and Property Insurance. Evidence from the People’s Republic of China. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 70(2), 289 – 314. https://doi.org/10.1111/1539-6975.00061

Cite this article

    CHICAGO : Ashraf, Fareeda, Muhammad Mahmood Shah Khan, and Zohaib Naeem Babar. 2022. "Determinants of Takaful Demand: Evidence from Pakistan." Global Regional Review, VII (II): 312-327 doi: 10.31703/grr.2022(VII-II).30
    HARVARD : ASHRAF, F., KHAN, M. M. S. & BABAR, Z. N. 2022. Determinants of Takaful Demand: Evidence from Pakistan. Global Regional Review, VII, 312-327.
    MHRA : Ashraf, Fareeda, Muhammad Mahmood Shah Khan, and Zohaib Naeem Babar. 2022. "Determinants of Takaful Demand: Evidence from Pakistan." Global Regional Review, VII: 312-327
    MLA : Ashraf, Fareeda, Muhammad Mahmood Shah Khan, and Zohaib Naeem Babar. "Determinants of Takaful Demand: Evidence from Pakistan." Global Regional Review, VII.II (2022): 312-327 Print.
    OXFORD : Ashraf, Fareeda, Khan, Muhammad Mahmood Shah, and Babar, Zohaib Naeem (2022), "Determinants of Takaful Demand: Evidence from Pakistan", Global Regional Review, VII (II), 312-327
    TURABIAN : Ashraf, Fareeda, Muhammad Mahmood Shah Khan, and Zohaib Naeem Babar. "Determinants of Takaful Demand: Evidence from Pakistan." Global Regional Review VII, no. II (2022): 312-327. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2022(VII-II).30