ARTICLE

CHILDREN TELEVISION VIEWING PATTERNS AND PARENTAL MEDIA LITERACY IN PAKISTAN

45 Pages : 403-411

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).45      10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).45      Published : Sep 2019

Children Television Viewing Patterns and Parental Media Literacy in Pakistan

    This study examines the television viewing routines of children in Pakistan. Familial, as well as individual, television viewing patterns were explored. Explanations for the childrens content choice and parental rationales behind allowing free content consumption are listed. Parental media literacy, especially concerning the content rating system, was examined. 2000 Pakistani parents, of varying educational backgrounds, contributed to the survey. Accordingly: 16% of parents allow their children unsupervised television viewing. 86% of children watch for 1 to 3 hours, and 14% watch for 3 to 5 plus hours daily. Preferred childrens programs, at 96% (n= 1915/2000), in Pakistan, are cartoons and animated movies 77% (n=1548/2000). Children are allowed unadulterated viewing for entertainments sake. According to media literacy check, only 46% of parents know of the existence of rating systems. Highly educated parents are better informed, however, both genders are equally ignorant of what is age-appropriate in childrens shows

    Media Literacy; Rating System; Family Television Viewing Patterns
    (1) Attia Zulfiqar
    Student,Institute of Communication studies,University of Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Noshina Saleem
    Professor, Institute of Communication studies, University of Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Faiza Latif
    Assistant professor,Department of mass communications,Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Bersamin, M. T, M. A. Deborah. Fisher, Douglas. L. Hill, Joel W. Grube, and Walker,S. Parenting Practices and Adolescent Sexual Behavior: A Longitudinal Study Author(s): Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 70, No. 1 (Feb., 2008), pp. 97-112 .Published by: National Council on Family Relations. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40056255
  • Bleakley, A (2008). Developing Respondent-Based Multi-Media Measures of Exposure to Sexual Content. Communication Methods and Measures, 2:1-2, 43-64, DOI: 10.1080/19312450802063040
  • Brigitte, V. (2009) What Us Parents Don't Know About Their Children's Television Use, Journal of Children and Media, 3:1, 51-67, DOI:10.1080/17482790802576972
  • Cardoza. K. (2002) Parental Control Over Children's Television Viewing in India, Contemporary South Asia, 11:2, 135-161, DOI: 10.1080/0958493022000030140
  • Cantor, J. (1996). Fright Reactions to Mass Media. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in Theory and Research (pp. 214-245). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
  • Cohen, Stanley (1973). Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Mods and Rockers. Paladin. doi:10.4324/9780203828250. ISBN 9781138834743.
  • Europa. (2007). Media literacy: do people really understand how to make the most of blogs, search engines or interactive TV? Retrieved 19 August 2015, from http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do
  • Fass, P. (2007). Children of a New World: Society, Culture, and Globalization. New York: New York University Press.
  • Ferrington, G. (2006). What Is Media Literacy? Retrieved March 3, 2016, from http://interact.uoregon.edu/mediaLit/mlr/readings/articles/whatisml.htm
  • Field, A, E. 2000.
  • Hill, J,A. (2011). Endangered childhoods: How consumerism is impacting child and youth identity. Media, Culture and Society; 33: 347-362.
  • Huston, A. & J. Wright, 'Television and Socialization of Young Children', (as cited in Tannis Macbet (ed), Tuning in to Young Viewers (London: Sage Publications, 1996), p 57
  • Lemish, D. (2011). 'Can't Talk about Sex': Producers of Children's Television around the World, Speak Out, Sex Education, Vol. 11, No. 3, August 2011, 267-277
  • Livingstone, S. (2008). Engaging with media - a matter of literacy? Communication, Culture and Critique, 1(1), 51- 62.
  • Nathanson, A. Canotor, Joanne (2000).
  • Njoroge W.M, Elenbaas L.M, Garrison M.M, Myaing. M, Christakis D.A. Parental Cultural Attitudes and Beliefs Regarding Young Children and Television. JAMA Pediatric. 2013; 167(8):739-745. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.75.
  • Pasquier, D. (2001). Media at Home: Domestic Interactions and Regulation. (As cited in In S. Livingstone &M).
  • Roberts, D., & Foehr, U. (2004). Kids and Media in America. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
  • Paik, H. (2001). The History of Children's Use of Electronic Media. In D. Singer & J. Singer (Eds.) Handbook of children and the media (pp. 7-27). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
  • Rideout, V. (2007). Parents, Children, and Media: A Kaiser Family Foundation Survey. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation. doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2011.533485
  • Wartella, E., & Reeves, B. (1985). Historical Trends in Research on Children And The Media: 1900-1960. Journal of Communication, 35(2), 118-133
  • Woodard, E., & Gridina, N. (2000). Media in the Home 2000. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Annenberg Public Policy Center.

Cite this article

    CHICAGO : Zulfiqar, Attia, Noshina Saleem, and Faiza Latif. 2019. "Children Television Viewing Patterns and Parental Media Literacy in Pakistan." Global Regional Review, IV (III): 403-411 doi: 10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).45
    HARVARD : ZULFIQAR, A., SALEEM, N. & LATIF, F. 2019. Children Television Viewing Patterns and Parental Media Literacy in Pakistan. Global Regional Review, IV, 403-411.
    MHRA : Zulfiqar, Attia, Noshina Saleem, and Faiza Latif. 2019. "Children Television Viewing Patterns and Parental Media Literacy in Pakistan." Global Regional Review, IV: 403-411
    MLA : Zulfiqar, Attia, Noshina Saleem, and Faiza Latif. "Children Television Viewing Patterns and Parental Media Literacy in Pakistan." Global Regional Review, IV.III (2019): 403-411 Print.
    OXFORD : Zulfiqar, Attia, Saleem, Noshina, and Latif, Faiza (2019), "Children Television Viewing Patterns and Parental Media Literacy in Pakistan", Global Regional Review, IV (III), 403-411
    TURABIAN : Zulfiqar, Attia, Noshina Saleem, and Faiza Latif. "Children Television Viewing Patterns and Parental Media Literacy in Pakistan." Global Regional Review IV, no. III (2019): 403-411. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).45