EXPLORING FACTORS INFLUENCING EMPLOYABILITY OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING GRADUATES IN PAKISTANA FACTOR ANALYSIS

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).28      10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).28      Published : Dec 1
Authored by : AsgharAli , IqbalAhmad , M. Anees-ul-HusnainShah

28 Pages : 389-404

References

  • Aggarwal, A. (2013). Lessons learnt from informal apprenticeship initiatives in Southern and Eastern Africa. Minister of Higher Education and Training Declaration of: The year of the Artisan', 4 Feb 2013
  • Al Mamun, M. A. (2012). The Soft Skills Education for the Vocational Graduates: Value as Work Readiness Skills. British Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 2(4), 326-338.
  • Aliaga, O. A., Kotamraju, P., and Stone III, J. R. (2014). Understanding participation in secondary career and technical education in the 21st century: Implications for policy and practice. The High School Journal, 97(3), 128-158.
  • Amjad, R. (2006). Why Pakistan must break-into the knowledge economy
  • Amjad, R., ul Haque, N., and Colclough, C. (2005). Skills and Competitiveness: Can Pakistan Break Out of the Low-level Skills Trap?[with Comments]. The Pakistan Development Review, 387-409.
  • Ansari, B., and Wu, X. (2013a). Development of Pakistan's technical and vocational edcuation and training (TVET): an analsysis of skilling Pakistan reforms. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 5(2).
  • Ansari, B., and Wu, X. (2013b). Development of Pakistan's technical and vocational education and training (TVET): An analysis of skilling Pakistan reforms. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 5(2).
  • Bringle, R. G., and Hatcher, J. A. (2000). Institutionalization of service learning in higher education. Journal of Higher Education, 273-290.
  • Calvert, V., and Kurji, R. (2012). Service-learning in a managerial accounting course: Developing the
  • Chappell, C. (2003). Researching vocational education and training: where to from here? Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 55(1), 21-32.
  • Churchill Jr, G. A. (1979). A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of marketing research, 16(1), 64-73.
  • Coetzee, M., and De Villiers, M. (2010). Sources of job stress, work engagement and career orientations of employees in a South African fi nancial institution. Southern African Business Review, 14(1).
  • Dacre Pool, L., and Qualter, P. (2013). Emotional self-efficacy, graduate employability, and career satisfaction: Testing the associations. Australian Journal of Psychology, 65(4), 214-223.
  • Dean, B. L. (2007). The state of civic education in Pakistan. Available on http://www. akdn. org/civil_society. asp.
  • Dean, B. L. (2011). Citizenship education in Pakistan: Caught in the stranglehold of transmission pedagogies Citizenship Pedagogies in Asia and the Pacific (pp. 129-147): Springer
  • Eichhorst, W., Rodríguez-Planas, N., Schmidl, R., and Zimmermann, K. F. (2015). A road map to vocational education and training in industrialized countries. ILR Review, 68(2), 314-337.
  • El Mansour, B., and Dean, J. C. (2016). Employability skills as perceived by employers and university faculty in the fields of human resource development (HRD) for entry level graduate jobs. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 4(1), 39.
  • Falk, A. (2012). Enhancing the Team Experience in Service Learning Courses.
  • Faridi, M. Z., Malik, S., and Ahmad, R. I. (2010). Impact of education and health on employment in Pakistan: A case study. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 18, 58-68.
  • Fedorov, V. A., and Tretyakova, N. V. (2016). The Development of Vocational Pedagogical Education in Russia (Organizational and Pedagogical Aspect). International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(17), 9803-9818.
  • Hameed-ur-Rehman, M., and Sewani, S. M. S. (2013). Critical analysis of the educational policies of Pakistan. The Dialogue, 8(3).
  • Hina, K. B., Ajmal, M., Rahman, F., and Jumani, N. B. State of Citizenship Education: A Case Study from Pakistan.
  • Hinkin, T. R. (1995). A review of scale development practices in the study of organizations. Journal of management, 21(5), 967-988.
  • Husain, M. Y., Mokhtar, S. B., Ahmad, A. A., and Mustapha, R. (2010). Importance of employability skills from employers' perspective. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 7, 430-438.
  • Ilias, A., Razak, M. Z. A., Yunus, N. K. Y., and Razak, S. F. F. A. (2012). How Accounting Students Perceived Towards Teamwork Skills. Journal of Education & Vocational Research, 3(12).
  • Javied, Z., and Hyder, A. (2009). Impact of training on earnings: Evidence from Pakistani industries. Asian Social Science, 5(11), 76.
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1960). The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational and psychological measurement, 20(1), 141-151.
  • Kaleem, M., Hafizullah, R., and Hussain, S. (2013). Small Cities; Big Avenues--- Analysis of Economic Potential for Public Enterprises in Southern Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan). Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 17(10), 1396-1404.
  • Kaukab, S. R. (2012). A study of causes of decline in citizenship education in Pakistan at secondary level. .
  • Kavanagh, M. H., and Drennan, L. (2008). What skills and attributes does an accounting graduate need? Evidence from student perceptions and employer expectations. Accounting & Finance, 48(2), 279-300.
  • Kazmi, S. W. (2007a). Vocational education and skills development: A case of Pakistan. SAARC Journal of Human Resource Development, 3(1).
  • Kazmi, S. W. (2007b). Vocational education and skills development: A case of Pakistan. SAARC Journal of Human Resource Development, 3(1), 105- 117.
  • Keller, S., Parker, C. M., and Chan, C. (2011). Employability skills: student perceptions of an IS final year capstone subject. Innovation in Teaching and Learning in Information and Computer Sciences, 10(2), 4-15.
  • Kemal, A. R. (2005a). Skill development in Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review, 44(4), 349-357.
  • Kemal, A. R. (2005b). Skill development in Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review, 349-357.
  • Khan, M. S., Amjad, R., and Din, M.-u. (2005). Human Capital and Economic Growth in Pakistan [with Comments]. The Pakistan Development Review, 455-478.
  • Khilji, B. A., Kakar, Z. K., and Subhan, S. (2012). Impact of vocational training and skill development on economic growth in Pakistan. World Appl Sci J, 17(10), 1298-1302.
  • Kincheloe, J. L. (1999). How Do We Tell the Workers? The Socioeconomic Foundations of Work and Vocational Education: ERIC
  • Kline, T. J. (1999). The team player inventory: Reliability and validity of a measure of predisposition toward organizational team-working environments. Journal for specialists in Group Work, 24(1), 102-112.
  • Krejcie, R. V., and Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
  • Malamud, O., and Pop-Eleches, C. (2010). General education versus vocational training: Evidence from an economy in transition. The review of economics and statistics, 92(1), 43-60.
  • Martinez Jr, R. L. (2007). An evolving set of values-based principles for career and technical education.
  • Mortaki, S. (2012). The Contribution of Vocational Education and Training in the Preservation and Diffusion of Cultural Heritage in Greece: The Case of the Specialty Guardian of Museums and Archaeological Sites. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(24), 51-58.
  • Mustafa, U., Abbas, K., Saeed, A., and Anwar, T. (2005). Enhancing Vocational Training for Economic Growth in Pakistan [with Comments]. The Pakistan Development Review, 567-584.
  • Naseer, R. (2012). Citizenship Education in Pakistan. Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies, 4(3), 1-16.
  • Nunally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory, 2
  • Panayides, P. (2013). Coefficient alpha: interpret with caution. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 9(4), 687-696
  • Park, M. (2005). Building human resource highways through vocational training. Responses to the Challenges of the Labour Market and the Work-Place, Bonn, 8-10.
  • Raza, S. A., and Naqvi, S. (2011). Quality of Pakistani university graduates as perceived by employers: Implications for faculty development. Journal of Quality and Technology Management, 7,57-72.
  • Reeve, E. M. (2016). 21st century skills needed by students in technical and vocational education and training (TVET). Asian International Journal of Social Sciences, 16(4), 65-82
  • Rubin, B. C., and Giarelli, J. M. (2013). Civic education for diverse citizens in global times: Rethinking theory and practice: Routledge.
  • Saigol, R. (2014). 8 The making of the Pakistani citizen. Constructing Modern Asian Citizenship, 5, 175.
  • Shah, I. H., Rahman, F., Ajmal, M., and Hamidullah, H. M. (2011a). Situation Analysis of Technical and Vocational Training: A Case Study from Pakistan I. International Journal Of Academic Research, 3(1).
  • Shah, I. H., Rahman, F., Ajmal, M., and Hamidullah, H. M. (2011b). situation analysis of technical education and vocational training: a case study from pakistan. International Journal Of Academic Research, 3(1).
  • Silcox, H. (1995). The need to consider service learning in developing future vocational education programs. Enriching the curriculum through service learning, 25-28.
  • Tilak, S., Abu-Ghazaleh, N. B., and Heinzelman, W. (2002). A taxonomy of wireless micro-sensor network models. ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review, 6(2), 28-36.
  • Tsang, M. C. (1997). The cost of vocational training. International Journal of Manpower, 18(1/2), 63-89.
  • Ul Haq, M. (2000). Human development in South Asia 1999: The crisis of governance: Oxford University Press, USA.
  • Uzair-ul-Hassan, M., and Noreen, Z. (2013a). Educational mismatch between graduates possessed skills and market demands in Pakistan. International Education Studies, 6(11), 122.
  • Uzair-ul-Hassan, M., and Noreen, Z. (2013b). Educational Mismatch between Graduates Possessed Skills and Market Demands in Pakistan. International Education Studies, 6(11), p122.
  • Zimmermann, K. F., Biavaschi, C., Eichhorst, W., Giulietti, C., Kendzia, M. J., Muravyev, A., . . . Schmidl, R. (2013). Youth unemployment and vocational training. Foundations and Trends® in Microeconomics, 9(1- 2), 1-157.
  • Aggarwal, A. (2013). Lessons learnt from informal apprenticeship initiatives in Southern and Eastern Africa. Minister of Higher Education and Training Declaration of: The year of the Artisan', 4 Feb 2013
  • Al Mamun, M. A. (2012). The Soft Skills Education for the Vocational Graduates: Value as Work Readiness Skills. British Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 2(4), 326-338.
  • Aliaga, O. A., Kotamraju, P., and Stone III, J. R. (2014). Understanding participation in secondary career and technical education in the 21st century: Implications for policy and practice. The High School Journal, 97(3), 128-158.
  • Amjad, R. (2006). Why Pakistan must break-into the knowledge economy
  • Amjad, R., ul Haque, N., and Colclough, C. (2005). Skills and Competitiveness: Can Pakistan Break Out of the Low-level Skills Trap?[with Comments]. The Pakistan Development Review, 387-409.
  • Ansari, B., and Wu, X. (2013a). Development of Pakistan's technical and vocational edcuation and training (TVET): an analsysis of skilling Pakistan reforms. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 5(2).
  • Ansari, B., and Wu, X. (2013b). Development of Pakistan's technical and vocational education and training (TVET): An analysis of skilling Pakistan reforms. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 5(2).
  • Bringle, R. G., and Hatcher, J. A. (2000). Institutionalization of service learning in higher education. Journal of Higher Education, 273-290.
  • Calvert, V., and Kurji, R. (2012). Service-learning in a managerial accounting course: Developing the
  • Chappell, C. (2003). Researching vocational education and training: where to from here? Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 55(1), 21-32.
  • Churchill Jr, G. A. (1979). A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of marketing research, 16(1), 64-73.
  • Coetzee, M., and De Villiers, M. (2010). Sources of job stress, work engagement and career orientations of employees in a South African fi nancial institution. Southern African Business Review, 14(1).
  • Dacre Pool, L., and Qualter, P. (2013). Emotional self-efficacy, graduate employability, and career satisfaction: Testing the associations. Australian Journal of Psychology, 65(4), 214-223.
  • Dean, B. L. (2007). The state of civic education in Pakistan. Available on http://www. akdn. org/civil_society. asp.
  • Dean, B. L. (2011). Citizenship education in Pakistan: Caught in the stranglehold of transmission pedagogies Citizenship Pedagogies in Asia and the Pacific (pp. 129-147): Springer
  • Eichhorst, W., Rodríguez-Planas, N., Schmidl, R., and Zimmermann, K. F. (2015). A road map to vocational education and training in industrialized countries. ILR Review, 68(2), 314-337.
  • El Mansour, B., and Dean, J. C. (2016). Employability skills as perceived by employers and university faculty in the fields of human resource development (HRD) for entry level graduate jobs. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 4(1), 39.
  • Falk, A. (2012). Enhancing the Team Experience in Service Learning Courses.
  • Faridi, M. Z., Malik, S., and Ahmad, R. I. (2010). Impact of education and health on employment in Pakistan: A case study. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 18, 58-68.
  • Fedorov, V. A., and Tretyakova, N. V. (2016). The Development of Vocational Pedagogical Education in Russia (Organizational and Pedagogical Aspect). International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(17), 9803-9818.
  • Hameed-ur-Rehman, M., and Sewani, S. M. S. (2013). Critical analysis of the educational policies of Pakistan. The Dialogue, 8(3).
  • Hina, K. B., Ajmal, M., Rahman, F., and Jumani, N. B. State of Citizenship Education: A Case Study from Pakistan.
  • Hinkin, T. R. (1995). A review of scale development practices in the study of organizations. Journal of management, 21(5), 967-988.
  • Husain, M. Y., Mokhtar, S. B., Ahmad, A. A., and Mustapha, R. (2010). Importance of employability skills from employers' perspective. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 7, 430-438.
  • Ilias, A., Razak, M. Z. A., Yunus, N. K. Y., and Razak, S. F. F. A. (2012). How Accounting Students Perceived Towards Teamwork Skills. Journal of Education & Vocational Research, 3(12).
  • Javied, Z., and Hyder, A. (2009). Impact of training on earnings: Evidence from Pakistani industries. Asian Social Science, 5(11), 76.
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1960). The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational and psychological measurement, 20(1), 141-151.
  • Kaleem, M., Hafizullah, R., and Hussain, S. (2013). Small Cities; Big Avenues--- Analysis of Economic Potential for Public Enterprises in Southern Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan). Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 17(10), 1396-1404.
  • Kaukab, S. R. (2012). A study of causes of decline in citizenship education in Pakistan at secondary level. .
  • Kavanagh, M. H., and Drennan, L. (2008). What skills and attributes does an accounting graduate need? Evidence from student perceptions and employer expectations. Accounting & Finance, 48(2), 279-300.
  • Kazmi, S. W. (2007a). Vocational education and skills development: A case of Pakistan. SAARC Journal of Human Resource Development, 3(1).
  • Kazmi, S. W. (2007b). Vocational education and skills development: A case of Pakistan. SAARC Journal of Human Resource Development, 3(1), 105- 117.
  • Keller, S., Parker, C. M., and Chan, C. (2011). Employability skills: student perceptions of an IS final year capstone subject. Innovation in Teaching and Learning in Information and Computer Sciences, 10(2), 4-15.
  • Kemal, A. R. (2005a). Skill development in Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review, 44(4), 349-357.
  • Kemal, A. R. (2005b). Skill development in Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review, 349-357.
  • Khan, M. S., Amjad, R., and Din, M.-u. (2005). Human Capital and Economic Growth in Pakistan [with Comments]. The Pakistan Development Review, 455-478.
  • Khilji, B. A., Kakar, Z. K., and Subhan, S. (2012). Impact of vocational training and skill development on economic growth in Pakistan. World Appl Sci J, 17(10), 1298-1302.
  • Kincheloe, J. L. (1999). How Do We Tell the Workers? The Socioeconomic Foundations of Work and Vocational Education: ERIC
  • Kline, T. J. (1999). The team player inventory: Reliability and validity of a measure of predisposition toward organizational team-working environments. Journal for specialists in Group Work, 24(1), 102-112.
  • Krejcie, R. V., and Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
  • Malamud, O., and Pop-Eleches, C. (2010). General education versus vocational training: Evidence from an economy in transition. The review of economics and statistics, 92(1), 43-60.
  • Martinez Jr, R. L. (2007). An evolving set of values-based principles for career and technical education.
  • Mortaki, S. (2012). The Contribution of Vocational Education and Training in the Preservation and Diffusion of Cultural Heritage in Greece: The Case of the Specialty Guardian of Museums and Archaeological Sites. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(24), 51-58.
  • Mustafa, U., Abbas, K., Saeed, A., and Anwar, T. (2005). Enhancing Vocational Training for Economic Growth in Pakistan [with Comments]. The Pakistan Development Review, 567-584.
  • Naseer, R. (2012). Citizenship Education in Pakistan. Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies, 4(3), 1-16.
  • Nunally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory, 2
  • Panayides, P. (2013). Coefficient alpha: interpret with caution. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 9(4), 687-696
  • Park, M. (2005). Building human resource highways through vocational training. Responses to the Challenges of the Labour Market and the Work-Place, Bonn, 8-10.
  • Raza, S. A., and Naqvi, S. (2011). Quality of Pakistani university graduates as perceived by employers: Implications for faculty development. Journal of Quality and Technology Management, 7,57-72.
  • Reeve, E. M. (2016). 21st century skills needed by students in technical and vocational education and training (TVET). Asian International Journal of Social Sciences, 16(4), 65-82
  • Rubin, B. C., and Giarelli, J. M. (2013). Civic education for diverse citizens in global times: Rethinking theory and practice: Routledge.
  • Saigol, R. (2014). 8 The making of the Pakistani citizen. Constructing Modern Asian Citizenship, 5, 175.
  • Shah, I. H., Rahman, F., Ajmal, M., and Hamidullah, H. M. (2011a). Situation Analysis of Technical and Vocational Training: A Case Study from Pakistan I. International Journal Of Academic Research, 3(1).
  • Shah, I. H., Rahman, F., Ajmal, M., and Hamidullah, H. M. (2011b). situation analysis of technical education and vocational training: a case study from pakistan. International Journal Of Academic Research, 3(1).
  • Silcox, H. (1995). The need to consider service learning in developing future vocational education programs. Enriching the curriculum through service learning, 25-28.
  • Tilak, S., Abu-Ghazaleh, N. B., and Heinzelman, W. (2002). A taxonomy of wireless micro-sensor network models. ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review, 6(2), 28-36.
  • Tsang, M. C. (1997). The cost of vocational training. International Journal of Manpower, 18(1/2), 63-89.
  • Ul Haq, M. (2000). Human development in South Asia 1999: The crisis of governance: Oxford University Press, USA.
  • Uzair-ul-Hassan, M., and Noreen, Z. (2013a). Educational mismatch between graduates possessed skills and market demands in Pakistan. International Education Studies, 6(11), 122.
  • Uzair-ul-Hassan, M., and Noreen, Z. (2013b). Educational Mismatch between Graduates Possessed Skills and Market Demands in Pakistan. International Education Studies, 6(11), p122.
  • Zimmermann, K. F., Biavaschi, C., Eichhorst, W., Giulietti, C., Kendzia, M. J., Muravyev, A., . . . Schmidl, R. (2013). Youth unemployment and vocational training. Foundations and Trends® in Microeconomics, 9(1- 2), 1-157.

Cite this article

    APA : Ali, A., Ahmad, I., & Shah, M. A. (2017). Exploring Factors Influencing Employability of Vocational Training Graduates in Pakistan:A Factor Analysis. Global Regional Review, II(I), 389-404. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).28
    CHICAGO : Ali, Asghar, Iqbal Ahmad, and M. Anees-ul-Husnain Shah. 2017. "Exploring Factors Influencing Employability of Vocational Training Graduates in Pakistan:A Factor Analysis." Global Regional Review, II (I): 389-404 doi: 10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).28
    HARVARD : ALI, A., AHMAD, I. & SHAH, M. A. 2017. Exploring Factors Influencing Employability of Vocational Training Graduates in Pakistan:A Factor Analysis. Global Regional Review, II, 389-404.
    MHRA : Ali, Asghar, Iqbal Ahmad, and M. Anees-ul-Husnain Shah. 2017. "Exploring Factors Influencing Employability of Vocational Training Graduates in Pakistan:A Factor Analysis." Global Regional Review, II: 389-404
    MLA : Ali, Asghar, Iqbal Ahmad, and M. Anees-ul-Husnain Shah. "Exploring Factors Influencing Employability of Vocational Training Graduates in Pakistan:A Factor Analysis." Global Regional Review, II.I (2017): 389-404 Print.
    OXFORD : Ali, Asghar, Ahmad, Iqbal, and Shah, M. Anees-ul-Husnain (2017), "Exploring Factors Influencing Employability of Vocational Training Graduates in Pakistan:A Factor Analysis", Global Regional Review, II (I), 389-404
    TURABIAN : Ali, Asghar, Iqbal Ahmad, and M. Anees-ul-Husnain Shah. "Exploring Factors Influencing Employability of Vocational Training Graduates in Pakistan:A Factor Analysis." Global Regional Review II, no. I (2017): 389-404. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).28