References

• Abbas, H. (2006, 30 November). The Black- Turbaned Brigade: the Rise of TNSM in Pakistan. USA: The James Stone Foundation Global research and Analysis.
• Abdullah, M. (2019). Heaven in Fire Under the Shadow of Death on either sides of River Swat. Peshawer: Ayaz Ullah Tarakzai.
• Afridi, S. A. (2018). PAKISTAN’S COUNTERINSURGENCY DOCTRINE &PRACTICE IN SWAT(2007-2015). UNIVERSITY OF PESHAWER.
• Ahmed, R. (2008). Decent into Chaos. London: Penguin Lane.
• Akber, M. (2011). Tinderbox the Past and the Future of Pakistan. New Dehli: Harper Collin Publisher India.
• Arshid, A. (2013). www. dr.ntu.edu.sg: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/55181
• Asprey, R. B. (1994). Wars in the Shadows: The Guerrilla in History. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc.
• Avis, W. (2016). Drivers of conflict in the swat valley ,Paksitan. Birmingham: Helpdesk Research report.
• Dyvesteyn, P. B. (2012). The Routedge book of Insurgency and Counterinsurgency. Abington, Okon: Routledges Printing.
• Erika, R. B. (2010, 16 April). Swatting At Flies: Pakistan Use Of Counterinsurgency. Washington DC: Georgetown University.
• Fair, C. (2014). Fighting to the End. New Dehli: Oxford Univerity Press.
• Fleischner, J. (2011). Governance and Militancy in Pakistan's Swat valley. Center for Strategic & International Studies, 1-12. https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/legacy_files/files/publication/111014_Fleischner_SwatValley_0.pdf
• US government. (2012). Guide to the Analysis of Insurgency.
• Horgan, T. B. (2009). Leaving Terrorism Behind Individual and collective Disengagement . New York: Taylor and Francis group.
• Hussain, K. (2011). Modes and Scale of Conflict in Pakistan's Swat valley(1989- 2008). Pakistan Institute for Peace Studies.
• Ibrahim, A. (2010). Tackling Muslim Radicalisation: Lessons from Scotland.nstitute for Social Policy and Understanding.
• Tellis, A. (2008). Pakistan and the War on Terror: Conflicted Goals Compromised Performance. Washington DC: Carneige Endowment.
• Jalal, A. (2014). The struggle for Pakistan A Muslim Homeland and Global Politics. London: Havard Universiy Press.
• Ullah, H. (2014). Understanding Islamic Parties, Political violance and extremism in Pakistan: Vaving vote for Allah. Washington DC: George Town University Press.
• Khadduri, M. (1951). The Juridical Theory of the Islamic State. School of Advance international studies of john Hopkin University Washington, DC, 5.
• Khalid, I. (2016). Revisiting Pakistan National Security Dilemma. Lahore: Al abbas international.
• Khan, I. A. (2009). Swat Operation is a fight for the Survival of Pakistan. Islamabad: Dawn news. www.relief
• Khattak, D. K. (2010, 3 April). The Battle of Pakistan: Militancy and Conflict in Swat. New American Foundation, Counter Terrorism Strategy Initiative Policy Paper.
• Kilcullen, D. J. (2010). Counterinsurgency. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Lauder, M. A. (2009). Religion & Resistance: Examining the Role of Religion in Irregular warfare. Defence R&D Canada- Toronto, 26.
• Liu, Z. (2013). Commentary on “Islamic State” Thoughts of Islamism. Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia), 7(3), 22–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2013.1 2023226
• Majeed, T. (2016). Insurgency in Swat conflict settlement and peace building. Mingora Swat: Shoaib Sons Publishers.
• Marighella, C. (2011). Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla. Wilmington United States: Praetorian Press.
• Milton-Edwards, B. (2005). Islamic Fundamentalism Since 1945. London: Taylor&Francis.
• Mir, A. (2008). The Fluttering Flag of Jihad. Lahore: Zahid Bashir printers, Lahore.
• Mozaffari, M. (2007, march). Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions. What is Islamism? History and Definition of a concept. Abingdon: Routledge.
• Muhammad, S. (2011). Difference Between Sharia and Democracy. Peshawer: Araf printer Swat.
• Munkler, H. (2005). The New Wars. Malden: Polity Press USA.
• Neill, B. E. (2006). Insurgency & Terrorism from revolution to apocalypse. Dehli: Nice printing
• Orakzai, S. B. (2011). Conflict in the Swat Valley of Pakistan: Pakhtun Culture and Peacebuilding Theory-Practice Application. Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 6(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2011.179868996709
• Qazi, S. H. (2013). A War without Bombs: Civil Society Initiatives against Radicalisation in Pakistan. Washington DC: Institute for Social Policy and Understanding.
• Rahi, F. R. (2021). Wadi Swat Main jo Hum Per Guzri . Swat: Shoaib Sons Publishers.
• Rana, A. (2011). Swat De-Radicalization Model: Prospects for Rehabilitating. Comment, April-June, Pakistan Institute of Peace Studies.
• Rasool, A. (2012). How Bad Governance Led to Conflict: The Case of Swat. Pakistan Centre for Public Policy and Governance, MPRA Paper 35357, 1-31. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35357/
• Rehman, K. (2011). Swat Valley: The Strategic Capstone. The Dialogue, 356-366.
• Roggio, B. (2007). Long War Journl. www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2007/11/pakistan-realse-ta.php
• Shemella, L. E. (2015). The Future of Counterinsurgency: contemporary debates in internal security strategy. California: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
• Shepard, W. E. (2009). Introducing Islam. Abington: Routledge.
• Sultan, R. (2008). Swat State (1915-1969) From Genisis to Merger: An Analysis of Political, Administrative, Socio-Political, and Economic Development. Michigan: Oxford University Press.
• Underhill, N. (2014). Calculating the risk of state in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iraq. Hamsphire: Palgrave Macmillan England Hamsphire.
• Zaeef, A. s. (2010). My life with the Taliban. London: C.Hurts and Co.(Publishers)Ltd.
• Zafar, R. (2011). Development and the Battle for Swat. The Fletcher School-al Nakhla- Tufts University.