References

• Afza, T. and Asghar, M. J. K. A. (2010) Efficiency of the Insurance Industry in Pakistan: An Application of Non-parametric Approach, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 2 (8), 84-98
• Afza, T. and Asghar, M. J. K. A. (2012) Financial Reforms and Efficiency in the Insurance Firms of Pakistan, African Journal of Business Management, 6(30), 8957-8963
• Afza, T. and Jam-e-Kausar (2010) Firm Size and Efficiency in the General Insurers of Pakistan, Journal of Quality and Technology Management, 6 (2), 165-183.
• Aigner, D., Lovell, C. K. and Schmidt, P. (1977) Formulation and Estimation of Stochastic Frontier Production Function Models, Journal of Econometrics, 6, 21-37
• Asghar, M. J. K. A. and Afza, T. (2013) Efficiency of Modaraba and Leasing Firms in Pakistan, Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 17(3), 305-314.
• Battese G. E. and CORRA G. S. (1977) Estimation of a production frontier model: With application to the pastoral zone of eastern Australia, Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 21(3), 169-79.
• Biener C. and Eling M. (2009) The Performance of Micro insurance Programs: A Frontier Efficiency Analysis, Working Paper, Institute of Insurance Sciences, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
• Coelli, T. J. (1995) Recent developments in frontier modelling and efficiency measurement, Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics banner, 39(3), 219-245.
• Cummins J. D. and Rubio-Misas, M. (2006) Deregulation, Consolidation, and Efficiency: Evidence from the Spanish Insurance Industry, Journal of Money,Credit and Banking 38(2), 323-355.
• Cummins J. D. and Rubio-Misas, M. (2016) Integration and efficiency convergence in European Life insurance markets, SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2965742 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2965742.
• Cummins, J. D., Feng, F. and Weiss, M. A. (2011) The impact of reinsurance on ceding insurersÂ’ efficiency in the Property-Liability insurance industry: Affiliation and Domicile Effects, Working paper, Temple University, Philadelphia
• Cummins, J. D., M. A. Weiss, X Xie, and H. Zi (2010) Economies of scope in financial services: A DEA efficiency analysis of the US insurance industry, Journal of Banking and Finance. 34, 1525-1539
• Cummins, J.D. and Zi, H. (1998) Comparison of Frontier Efficiency Methods: An Application to the U.S. Life Insurance Industry, Journal of Productivity Analysis, 10 (2), 131-152.
• Diacon, S. R., Starkey, K., & O'Brien, C. (2002) Size and efficiency in European long-term insurance firms: An international comparison, The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance, Issues and Practice, 27(3), 444-466.
• Diboky F. and E. Ubl (2007) Ownership and efficiency in the German life insurance market: A DEA bootstrap approach, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
• Eling & Luhnen, (2009) Efficiency in the international insurance industry: A cross country comparison, Journal of Banking and Finance, 34(7), 1497-1509
• Fenn, P., Vencappa, D., Diacon, S., Klumpes, P. and O'Brien, C., (2008) Market structure and efficiency of Europeaninsurance firms: a stochastic frontier analysis, Journal of Banking and Finance, 32 (1), 86-100
• Hsiao, S. H., Tzung, M. P., Meng, L. S. and Shu Y. S. (2011) Cost Efficiency in the Life Insurance Industry, Journal of Convergence Information Technology, 6(3), 120-131.
• Huang, W., (2007) Efficiency in the China Insurance Industry: 1999-2004, Working Paper, American Risk and Insurance Association (ARIA), PA, USA
• Janjua, P. Z. and Akmal, M. (2015) A Comparative analysis of economic efficiency of conventional and Islamic insurance industry in Pakistan, Pakistan Business Review, 17(1), 21-44
• Kader, H. A., Mike A., Philip H. and W. Jean Kown (2010) An Analysis of Cost Efficiency and the Impact of Corporate Governance on Takaful Insurance Operations, Working paper, School of Business and Economics, UK
• Khan, A., Noreen, U. (2014) Efficiency Measure of Insurance vs Takaful Firms Using DEA Approach: A Case of Pakistan, Journal Islamic Economic Studies, 22(1), 139-158.
• Meeusen, W. and Broeck, J. V. (1977) Efficiency estimation from Cobb-douglas production functions with composed errors, International Economic Review, 18, 435-444
• Ochala, P. (2017) A two-stage performance improvement evaluation of the insurance industry in Kenya: An application of data envelopmentanalysis and tobit regression model, International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 5(5), 152-170
• Saad, N. M., M. Shabri A. M., Rosylin M. Y., Jarita D. and Abdul R. A. R. (2006) Measuring Efficiency of Insurance and Takaful Firms in Malaysia using Data Envelopment Analysis, Review of Islamic Economics, 10 (2), 5-26
• Sun W. and Chen Z. (2011) Cost X efficiency in ChinaÂ’s insurance firms: A stochastic frontier approach, African Journal of Business Management, 5(30), 11916-11924
• Weiss, M. A., (1991) Efficiency in the Property-Liability insurance industry, Journal of Risk and Insurance, 58(3), 452-479
• Wise, W. (2017) A survery of life insurance efficiency papers: Methods, pros & cons, trends, Accounting, 3, 137-170.
• Yusop Z., Alias R., Noriszura I. and Rubayah Y. (2011) Risk Management Efficiency of Conventional Life Insurers and Takaful Operators, Insurance Markets and Firms: Analyses and Actuarial Computations, 2(1), 58-68.